A test where a chemical put into a flame produces a characteristic colour (tests for metal ions).

An instrument that separates light into its component wavelengths.

An ion is an atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative charge due to the loss or gain of electrons.

The amount of a solute dissolved in a certain volume of solvent.

A graph used to determine the concentration of a substance in a sample.

Instrumental analysis and flame tests: red for lithium

Chemistry

Chemical tests: aqueous ions (including zinc)

Identifying unknown substances (including zinc)

Ionic equations: aqueous ion tests

Mass spectrometry

In the Groups of the Periodic Table unit, pupils learned about the properties and reactivity of elements in the same group.

This unit covers tests to identify aqueous cations and anions, including flame tests for metal ions like lithium, sodium, and copper. It explains the benefits of instrumental analysis, such as sensitivity and accuracy, and focuses on interpreting results from charts, tables, and spectroscopy data.

Chemical analysis

An insoluble solid formed when two solutions react together.

A charged particle formed when an atom or molecule gains or loses electrons.

An equation that shows only the ions and molecules directly involved in a chemical reaction, excluding spectator ions.

An ion that remains unchanged during a chemical reaction and does not participate in the formation of the product.

Any chemical entity, such as atoms, ions, or molecules involved in a chemical process.

An incorrect test result indicating the presence of a substance or condition that is actually absent.

An atom of an element with the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons.

An average value that takes account of the abundance of the isotopes of the element.

The sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule.

The ion produced when the molecule is ionised by loss of an electron from the molecule.

An apparatus used for recording and measuring spectra, especially as a method of analysis.

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Chemical analysis

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