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      Baghdad in the 11th century

      I can describe Baghdad in the 11th century and its connections to the wider Islamic world.

      Lesson 1 of 3
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      New
      • Year 7

      Baghdad in the 11th century

      I can describe Baghdad in the 11th century and its connections to the wider Islamic world.

      Lesson details

      Key learning points

      1. Baghdad was in decline by the 11th century.
      2. The Abbasids remained the nominal rulers of much of the Middle East.
      3. Power over government really lay with groups like the Seljuks.
      4. The Islamic world was more fragmented that it superficially appeared.

      Keywords

      • Abbasid - an Abbasid is a member of the third dynasty of caliphs that ruled the Islamic Empire after Muhammad (PBUH)

      • Caliphate - a caliphate is an Islamic state, especially one ruled by a single religious and political leader

      • Extent - the size of something can be described as its extent

      • Caliph - a caliph is a political and religious leader of Muslim communities

      • Seljuks - the Seljuks were a Muslim group from Central Asia

      Common misconception

      Because the Abbasid Caliphate was large, the caliphs must have retained a lot of power.

      Remind pupils that the caliphs had little effective power beyond Baghdad itself by the 11th century and the Seljuks became de facto rulers.

      Begin learning cycle 3 by focusing on the map of the Abbasid Caliphate. Highlight the position of Baghdad and ask why it might be difficult for the caliphs to keep control over all of the land which was a part of the Caliphate.
      Teacher tip

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which group of people made up the majority of the population in the Islamic world?

      Christians
      Jews
      Correct answer: Muslims
      Sikhs

      Q2.
      Most people in medieval Europe were part of the religion.

      Correct Answer: Christian, christian

      Q3.
      Which religion had a 'golden age' from the 8th century until the 13th century?

      Christianity
      Correct answer: Islam
      Judaism
      Sikhism

      Q4.
      Who was the head of Christianity in medieval western Europe?

      the King
      the Emperor
      Correct answer: the Pope

      Q5.
      Starting with the earliest, sort the years into chronological order.

      1 - 680 BCE
      2 - 213 BCE
      3 - 18 BCE
      4 - 104 CE
      5 - 553 CE
      6 - 1065 CE

      Q6.
      Starting with the earliest, sort the years into chronological order.

      1 - Roman Empire set up
      2 - Islam set up
      3 - Vikings arrive in Britain
      4 - World War One

      Assessment exit quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match up each keyword with the correct definition.

      Correct Answer:caliphate,an Islamic state

      an Islamic state

      Correct Answer:Seljuks,a Muslim group from Central Asia

      a Muslim group from Central Asia

      Correct Answer:caliph,a political and religious leader of Muslim communities

      a political and religious leader of Muslim communities

      Q2.
      What were Abbasid leaders known as?

      Correct answer: caliphs
      emperors
      kings
      popes

      Q3.
      Which three areas were part of the Abbasid Caliphate?

      Correct answer: Central Asia
      Eastern Europe
      Correct answer: Middle East
      Correct answer: North Africa
      North America

      Q4.
      What was set up in Baghdad in 1065?

      Abbasid Caliphate
      Correct answer: Al-Nizamiyya of Baghdad
      House of Wisdom

      Q5.
      Write the missing word. The Abbasid caliph was only able to regain control over Baghdad in 1057 with the help of the ...

      Correct Answer: Seljuks, Seljuk Turks, seljuks, seljuk turks

      Q6.
      Which statement about local governors in the Abbasid Caliphate during the 11th century is most accurate?

      many local governors remained completely loyal to the caliph
      Correct answer: many local governors showed less loyalty to the caliph
      many local governors completely refused to show loyalty to the caliph

      Lesson appears in

      UnitHistory / 11th-century Islamic worlds: how similar were the regions of the Islamic world?

      History