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      Composing in a samba style

      I can create a drumming composition in a 12/8 samba style.

      Copyrighted materials: to view and download resources from this lesson, you’ll need to be in the UK and

      Lesson 4 of 4
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      • Year 9

      Composing in a samba style

      I can create a drumming composition in a 12/8 samba style.

      Copyrighted materials: to view and download resources from this lesson, you’ll need to be in the UK and

      Lesson details

      Key learning points

      1. We have composed and performed a rhythmic piece in a 12/8 samba style.
      2. A successful samba structure includes a main groove and break sections.
      3. We developed these within the structure, by adding solo improvisations.
      4. Rhythms include a simple surdo pattern which outlines the beats, and more syncopated rhythms like the son clave.
      5. The polyrhythm often includes one instrument playing the son clave or another syncopated rhythm.

      Keywords

      • 12/8 - a compound time signature with twelve quavers in a bar, grouped in threes

      • Son clave - a five note syncopated rhythm commonly used in samba, described as 3:2 or 2:3

      • Syncopation - a syncopated rhythm is one that emphasises notes in between the main beats

      • Structure - the different sections of a piece and how the piece is organised

      Common misconception

      To compose a piece, all ideas have to be unique and totally made up.

      Most successful compositions tend to borrow some ideas from pieces of a similar style and then adapt these ideas slightly.

      This lesson can be simplified by excluding the son clave section, only composing one section (the main groove), or by pupils using the suggested rhythms. Pupils could also compose a 4/4 groove. It could be extended by creating three breaks rather than one and by extending the structure.
      Teacher tip

      Equipment

      Surdos can be replaced with bass drums or floor toms. Smaller drums can be replaced with frame drums. You can also use cupped hands (bass), palm clap (tone) and full clap (slap) as an alternative.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

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      Lesson appears in

      UnitMusic / Samba fusion