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      Review of the four joins with no lead ins

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can correctly form the four joins.

      Key learning points

      1. Cursive handwriting involves joining letters together without lifting your pencil.
      2. The first join connects from the baseline to the x-height line.
      3. The second join connects from the baseline to the ascender line.
      4. The third join connects from the x-height line to the x-height line.
      5. The fourth join connects from the x-height line to the ascender line.

      Keywords

      • Join - how things connect

      • Baseline - this is the line that most letters sit on

      • Ascender line - this is the top line of the tramlines

      • X-height line - this is the line that x-height letters reach

      • Dips below - dropping under something

      Common misconception

      Children will often want to take their pencil off to form the join.

      Emphasise the flowing motion of cursive writing. The letters need to be joined together so the pencil needs to stay on the page.

      Teacher tip

      Consistent practice is crucial. Short, daily practice sessions are more effective than longer, less frequent ones.

      Content guidance

      Risk assessment required - physical activity

      Supervision

      Adult supervision required

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      How many different joins are there in cursive handwriting?

      2
      3
      Correct answer: 4
      5

      Q2.
      True or false. You can choose whichever join you would like when joining letters.

      Correct Answer: false, False

      Q3.
      When should you lift your pencil when joining a letter string together?

      Correct answer: when you have completed the letter string
      to add a cross for the letter t in the middle of a letter string
      Correct answer: after forming a break letter
      whenever you would like a rest

      Q4.
      Select the break letters.

      An image in a quiz
      An image in a quiz
      Correct Answer: An image in a quiz
      An image in a quiz
      Correct Answer: An image in a quiz
      An image in a quiz

      Q5.
      Which letters have looped descenders when joining to other letters?

      a
      Correct answer: j
      Correct answer: g
      h
      Correct answer: y

      Q6.
      What is a letter string?

      letters that are together in the alphabet
      Correct answer: a group of letters that are written together in a word
      a group of words that are written together

      To help you plan your 2 English lesson on: Review of the four joins with no lead ins, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...