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      Understanding the historical context of the Scottish witch trials

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe the events of the Scottish witch trials and share my opinion about how best to remember the victims in the present day.

      Key learning points

      1. The Scottish witch trials occurred during the 16th, 17th and early 18th centuries in Scotland.
      2. Individuals who were prosecuted as witches were often executed.
      3. Witches were recognised by the church as being capable of causing real harm.
      4. Witches were seen as linked to the devil and were therefore also heretical.
      5. Life at this time was very much dominated by the church and the desire to stamp out any connections to the devil.

      Keywords

      • Memorial - a structure or statue designed to remind people of a person or event

      • Trial - an examination of evidence to decide if someone is guilty or innocent of a crime

      • Early Modern period - the period between Medieval and modern times (around 1500-1800 AD)

      • Devil - the spirit of evil in Christian and Jewish traditions

      Common misconception

      Pupils who are Christian may find it hard to connect their faith to the one depicted here.

      Explain to children that religions evolve over time and that beliefs are not always fixed.

      Teacher tip

      You will need to have read the whole text of 'A Kind of Spark' before this unit, using our accompanying reading unit if you wish. You will want to allow time to share additional videos, images and accounts of the witch trials.

      Equipment

      You need a copy of the 2020 Knights Of edition of ‘A Kind of Spark’ written by Elle McNicoll, illustrated by Kay Wilson, for this lesson.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      'Executed' means the same as ...

      'attacked'.
      'murdered'.
      Correct answer: 'killed as a punishment for a crime'.
      'stolen'.

      Q2.
      What does it mean if you are 'convicted' of a crime?

      A court says that maybe you did it.
      Correct answer: A court says that you did it.
      A court says that you did not do it.

      Q3.
      Put these steps in order to show what happens if someone is guilty of a crime.

      1 - a person is accused of a crime
      2 - a person is put on trial
      3 - a person is convicted of the crime
      4 - a person is sent to jail

      Q4.
      Which of the following do the police still do today in the UK?

      Correct answer: arrest people they think have committed crimes
      torture people they think have committed crimes
      Correct answer: gather evidence about people they think have committed crimes
      Correct answer: ask other people about people they think have committed crimes

      Q5.
      Which religion has historically been most common in the UK?

      Islam
      Buddhism
      Correct answer: Christianity
      Hinduism
      Judaism

      Q6.
      Put these historical events in the order they happened.

      1 - the birth of Jesus Christ
      2 - the Romans leave Britain
      3 - the Vikings invade Britain
      4 - the Tudor period (e.g., Henry VIII, Elizabeth I and William Shakespeare)
      5 - the Victorian Era

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      During which period did the Scottish witch trials take place?

      the Bronze Age
      the Roman occupation of Britain
      the Medieval period
      Correct answer: the Early Modern period
      the modern period

      Q2.
      Which of these were beliefs held by many people in the Early Modern period in Scotland?

      Correct answer: the devil could impact daily life
      religion was unimportant
      Correct answer: witches had real power to harm people
      Correct answer: witches were guided by the devil

      Q3.
      Which of these were often true of the people who were accused of being witches in Early Modern Scotland?

      Correct answer: they were usually women
      Correct answer: they were usually illiterate
      Correct answer: they were usually older and lived alone
      they were usually powerful and wealthy

      Q4.
      Which of the following were used as proof of someone being a witch?

      fingerprints
      eye colour
      Correct answer: neighbours' opinions
      Correct answer: not bleeding when pricked with a needle
      Correct answer: having birthmarks

      Q5.
      Which of the following has already been done in Scotland?

      a memorial for victims of the witch trials
      a pardon for victims of the witch trials
      Correct answer: an apology to victims of the witch trials

      Q6.
      What is the key purpose of a memorial?

      to make a place more beautiful
      to represent a political party
      Correct answer: to remind us about an event or person

      To help you plan your 6 English lesson on: Understanding the historical context of the Scottish witch trials, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...