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      A written analysis of 'Frankenstein'

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can confidently explain Shelley's intentions with the character of Frankenstein.

      Key learning points

      1. It is important to understand a text's context, as this enhances our understanding of why it was written.
      2. To keep focus on the writer’s intentions in your response, ask yourself ‘why’ at each stage in the writing process.
      3. Victor Frankenstein is characterised as irresponsible to reflect Shelley’s concerns about unethical science.
      4. A convincing analytical response should follow one line of argument.
      5. Focusing on an author's intention results in stronger analytical writing.

      Keywords

      • Writer's intentions - The writer’s intentions are what they hope to achieve through writing the text.

      • Irresponsible - To be irresponsible means not behaving in a sensible or responsible manner

      • Method - This is anything a writer does intentionally.

      • Convincing - A convincing response is well-evidenced, with a clear line of argument and a formal, academic tone.

      Common misconception

      Students often simply 'method spot' in analytical responses.

      The writer's intention should form part of students' analysis of the text, as they should be outlining why the writer has used the method.

      Teacher tip

      For the feedback task in learning cycle 2, it might be nice to take a student response and model the self-assessment process using the questions on the slide.

      Equipment

      You will need access to the extract taken from Chapter 10 of 'Frankenstein' used throughout his lesson. This can be found in the additional materials.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

      Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      In which year was 'Frankenstein' published?

      Correct answer: 1818
      1819
      1820
      1821
      1822

      Q2.
      Why did some people fear new discoveries made in the Scientific Revolution?

      the Victorian population did not support civil progress
      Correct answer: the discoveries contradicted the teachings of the Bible
      the Victorians were very nervous and superstitious people
      the discoveries were not well-researched enough to be credible

      Q3.
      In what way is Victor Frankenstein punished for his irresponsible actions in 'Frankenstein'?

      his Creation is ultimately destroyed
      his wife (Elizabeth) divorces him
      Correct answer: many of his loved ones are murdered
      he is unsuccessful in his scientific experiment
      Correct answer: he suffers psychological torment and trauma

      Q4.
      What made the Creature in 'Frankenstein' turn to violence and aggression?

      ignorance
      poverty
      Correct answer: isolation
      Correct answer: rejection
      failure

      Q5.
      When planning an essay, what does the supporting detail in a paragraph outline not need to contain?

      Correct answer: plot summary
      quotations from the text
      relevant contextual details
      identification of the writer's methods

      Q6.
      Which is the best opening to an analytical response?

      Mary Shelley uses a simile in the novel 'Frankenstein' because..
      The famous book 'Frankenstein'...
      'Frankenstein' is a story about...
      In Mary Shelley's novel...
      Correct answer: In her novel 'Frankenstein', Mary Shelley....

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which question forces you to focus on the writer's intentions?

      what?
      how?
      Correct answer: why?
      who?

      Q2.
      Which of these would not be a useful question to ask yourself when thinking about the writer's intentions?

      Why did the writer create this character?
      Why did the writer choose to use this specific word and not another?
      Why did the writer make this happen at this moment?
      Correct answer: Why did the writer choose to have a particular text size?
      Why did the writer publish the book in the first place?

      Q3.
      Which of the following is an embedded quotation?

      Correct answer: The Creature's lips are "straight [and] black".
      The Creatures states: "misery made me a fiend".
      Victor tells Walton: "there is nothing so dangerous..."
      Correct answer: Victor scolds his "wretch" by reminding him...

      Q4.
      Why was Victor agreeing to create a second female Creature in 'Frankenstein' an irresponsible decision?

      It wasn't Victor's ambition to create two Creatures.
      Correct answer: The second Creature might mate with the first and create a line of Creatures.
      Victor did not have the time to create a second Creature.
      Correct answer: Victor had to break his promise to the Creature, which enraged him more.
      Victor had run out of money and so couldn't actually afford to make her.

      Q5.
      Why might Shelley have characterised Victor in 'Frankenstein' as careless and irresponsible?

      to show the wonders of ambition
      Correct answer: to warn about the potential dangers of scientific advancement
      to show that scientific progress was not something to aspire to
      to warn about the consequences of being a parent
      Correct answer: to show the consequences of moral transgression

      Q6.
      Which of the following makes a convincing analytical essay?

      long and detailed quotations
      Correct answer: a clear focus on the writer's intentions
      a comprehensive plot summary
      Correct answer: a formal and academic tone
      a wide variety of punctuation

      To help you plan your 8 English lesson on: A written analysis of 'Frankenstein', download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...