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      Using figurative language to create a gothic atmosphere

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can use figurative language to establish a foreboding atmosphere in my Gothic writing.

      Key learning points

      1. Figurative language is words or phrases that are meaningful, but not literally true.
      2. Figurative language can be used to create vivid imagery.
      3. When choosing an object for comparison, you need to consider the atmosphere you are trying to create.
      4. For Gothic descriptions, try to compare your setting to an object of fear or disgust so that you can unsettle the reader
      5. Always choose vocabulary that contributes to the atmosphere you are trying to create.

      Keywords

      • Figurative language - words or language that are meaningful, but not literally true

      • Foreboding - a feeling that something bad will happen

      • Ethereal - extremely delicate and light in an otherworldly-way

      • Gnarled - knobbly, rough and twisted with age

      • Angular - having sharp angles or corners

      Common misconception

      Pupils do not understand that they have to think carefully about their use of figurative language and plan it before they begin writing.

      Students need to consider carefully what kind of atmosphere they are trying to create. When comparing their setting to something else, the 'something else' needs to fit with the atmosphere they are aiming to create.

      Teacher tip

      Before the writing task in learning cycle 2, it might be nice to brainstorm ideas with the class, so that they have as many options to choose from as possible when they come to writing their ideas up in the task. Get students to justify their object of comparison.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is a simile?

      when the weather reflects the mood (usually of the main character)
      giving something that is not an animal, animal characteristics
      Correct answer: using 'like' or 'as' to compare two things that are not the same
      comparing two things that are not the same, by stating that one 'is' the other
      when the word sounds like the noise it represents

      Q2.
      What is pathetic fallacy?

      Correct answer: when the weather reflects the mood (usually of the main character)
      giving something that is not an animal, animal characteristics
      using 'like' or 'as' to compare two things that are not the same
      comparing two things that are not the same, by stating that one 'is' the other
      when the word sounds like the noise it represents

      Q3.
      Which of the following is an example of onomatopoeia?

      shout
      hurt
      Correct answer: hush
      quiet
      Correct answer: screech

      Q4.
      Which of the following is an example of zoomorphism?

      The lightning cracked like a whip overhead
      Correct answer: The teacher hissed an inaudible silencing command in his direction
      The trees danced freely in the warm summer breeze
      Correct answer: She could see him, prowling through the aisles, his narrow eyes flashing
      They came thundering down the corridor like a herd of wild elephants

      Q5.
      What might 'angular' mean?

      soft and curved
      smooth and flawless
      Correct answer: having sharp turns or corners
      unappealing and unattractive
      stiff and still

      Q6.
      Starting with the first, put the following words in order from most loud to least loud.

      1 - screeched
      2 - screamed
      3 - shouted
      4 - spoke
      5 - murmured
      6 - whispered

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is 'figurative language'?

      language that you have to decode to work out what the writer is trying to say
      any language method that a writer can use
      Correct answer: language that is meaningful, but not literally true
      any language that creates vivid imagery in the reader's mind

      Q2.
      Which of the following are figurative language methods?

      Correct answer: simile
      onomatopoeia
      Correct answer: zoomorphism
      assonance
      repetition

      Q3.
      What is a 'foreboding' atmosphere?

      when the weather reflects the mood of the main character
      a positive and reassuring atmosphere
      Correct answer: a sense that something bad might happen
      when the writer hints at what is to come
      when the writer moves the text forward into the future

      Q4.
      Why is using figurative language useful in descriptive writing?

      it makes your writing sound more sophisticated
      it makes your reader like your characters more
      Correct answer: it creates vivid imagery by giving the reader a point of comparison
      it creates a sense of uncertainty for the reader

      Q5.
      Which of the following sentences uses the word 'gnarly' correctly?

      He lived about three miles away, in a gnarly neighbourhood.
      Correct answer: The great trees had thick and gnarly branches.
      Correct answer: The old man's gnarly fingers were knotted together tightly.
      She had thick, fluttering eyelashes that were gnarly.
      The dog's tail was gnarly and wagging.

      Q6.
      Imagine you are writing a Gothic description of a lady's face. Which of the following animals might you compare her face to?

      a dolphin
      Correct answer: a panther
      a lion
      a hawk

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