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      Using context effectively to discuss ‘Othello’

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can integrate context skilfully into my written analysis on 'Othello'.

      Key learning points

      1. Context refers to the historical, social, literary and biographical.
      2. Context should not be presented as isolated facts or generalisations.
      3. Context should be relevant to the analysis and embedded in the response.
      4. Context should develop your ideas and give an insight into the writer’s purpose and intention.
      5. Context can be used to analyse specific word choices or images, considering historic connotations or social importance.

      Keywords

      • Tragedy - a play dealing with the downfall of a central character

      • Great Chain of Being - a hierarchy for all living things that Jacobean people believed in

      • Jacobean - the era in which King James I was on the throne

      • Embedded - incorporated deeply inside of a larger thing e.g. context embedded into a paragraph

      • Rennaisance - a cultural, artistic movement covering the 14th to 17th centuries

      Common misconception

      Context just needs to be included in a response to make it effective.

      Context must not only be included but carefully considered, adapted and moulded to the point you are trying to make.

      Teacher tip

      Show students how examiners might add marks on for a more sophisticated exploration of context v simple exploration of context.

      Equipment

      You will need a copy of Shakespeare's 'Othello' for this lesson.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What genre of play is 'Othello'?

      comedy
      Correct answer: tragedy
      history

      Q2.
      Starting with the most important, order the living things in the Elizabethan/Jacobean Great Chain of Being in order of importance.

      1 - God
      2 - Angels
      3 - King/Queen
      4 - Church
      5 - Nobles
      6 - Men
      7 - Animals

      Q3.
      What is true of some views on race in the Elizabethan/Jacobean era?

      Correct answer: darker skinned people were considered morally deviant
      all people were considered equal
      Correct answer: Jacobeans often feared 'outsiders'

      Q4.
      What is true of some views on gender in the Elizabethan/Jacobean era?

      men and women were considered as equals
      women had more power than men
      Correct answer: women were considered as subordinates to men

      Q5.
      In 'Othello', how does Desdemona subvert gender stereotypes of the Jacobean era?

      Correct answer: she elopes with Othello, without her father's knowledge
      she is not listened to when she protests that she is faithful
      she sings the willow song and succumbs to her suffering

      Q6.
      In Shakespeare's 'Othello', how does Othello's character contradict racial stereotypes of the Jacobean era?

      he is a military general
      Correct answer: he is introduced as a noble Moor: eloquent, humble, virtuous
      he succumbs to jealousy

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What are the four types of context you could reference when writing about a text?

      author, historical, literal, biographical
      Correct answer: literary, historical, biographical, social
      social, conventional, historical, author

      Q2.
      What does historical context refer to?

      Correct answer: What was happening at the time the text was written
      What the shared cultural constructions of specific ideas were
      If it fits into a literary movement

      Q3.
      Which statements are part of the literary context of 'Othello'?

      Correct answer: Shakespeare was influenced by Aristotle's idea of tragedy
      Jacobean England was xenophobic
      Correct answer: Othello was based on the story 'Gli Hecatom' by Cinthio
      Shakespeare was born in 1564

      Q4.
      What is not an effective way to include context?

      embed it within the paragraph
      use different types of context
      make it relevant to the point you are making
      Correct answer: tack it on at the end of your response

      Q5.
      The Great Chain of Being is...

      Correct answer: a piece of social context that helps you discuss attitudes on race in 'Othello'.
      a piece of biographical context that helps you discuss evil in 'Othello'.
      a piece of literary context that helps you discuss tragedy in 'Othello'.
      a piece of historical context that helps you discuss war in 'Othello'.

      Q6.
      Why may Shakespeare have chosen to set 'Othello' against a backdrop of late 16th century war against Christian Venice and the Muslim Ottoman Empire?

      Correct answer: to further the exploration of attitudes towards outsiders
      to show how excellent a warrior Othello was
      to create drama and tension in the play

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