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      Identifying and emulating Baum's use of pathetic fallacy in 'The Wizard of Oz'

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can confidently understand and use pathetic fallacy.

      Key learning points

      1. Pathetic fallacy is a literary technique in which emotions are ascribed to non-human objects and things.
      2. Pathetic fallacy helps to show the mood of a piece of writing.
      3. Pathetic fallacy helps the reader visualise the scene and reflects the character’s emotion.

      Keywords

      • Mood - the emotional response the story creates within the reader

      • Represent - to serve as a sign or symbol of something

      • Literary device - a tool used by writers to hint at larger themes, ideas, and meaning in a story or piece of writing

      • Descriptive - describing something in an interesting and detailed way

      Common misconception

      That pathetic fallacy can only be used to give emotion to the weather.

      Pathetic fallacy is where human emotions are given to any non-human object or thing.

      Teacher tip

      You could give a specific mood to students for Task C and then they can see how their examples of pathetic fallacy vary to express different moods.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision required

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      The mood of a text is .

      the logical response the story creates in the reader
      Correct answer: the emotional response the story creates in the reader
      the ethical response the story creates in the reader

      Q2.
      Which two of the following are definitions of gloomy?

      Correct answer: dark and poorly lit
      bright and open light
      Correct answer: feeling sad and despondent
      feeling happy and joyous

      Q3.
      Match the description with the emotion.

      Correct Answer:The clouds wept,sadness

      sadness

      Correct Answer:The sky darkened,fear

      fear

      Correct Answer:The sun brightened,happiness

      happiness

      Q4.
      Descriptive writing means writing that is .

      logical and well sequenced
      persuasive and emotional
      Correct answer: interesting and detailed

      Q5.
      Dreary can mean which two of the following things?

      Correct answer: repetitive and dull
      Correct answer: sadness
      vivid and exciting
      repetitive and comforting

      Q6.
      If a text opens with a wild and chaotic scene of storms and wind, we expect that .

      something predictable is about to happen
      Correct answer: something tumultuous is about to happen
      something joyous is about to happen

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Giving human emotions to non-human things or objects is .

      personification
      Correct answer: pathetic fallacy
      anaphora

      Q2.
      To serve as a sign or symbol of something means to .

      Correct answer: represent
      present
      depict

      Q3.
      Starting with the first, put the steps to creating pathetic fallacy in chronological order.

      1 - Choose a non-human object or thing from the scene
      2 - Consider the emotion you want to express
      3 - Describe the non-human object or thing as having this emotion

      Q4.
      The image of the wind 'howling' suggests .

      a calm, tranquil manner
      Correct answer: deep anger or sadness
      something magical is about to happen

      Q5.
      The word pathetic comes from 'pathos' which means .

      Correct answer: emotion
      logic
      falsehood

      Q6.
      Which of the following is an example of pathetic fallacy?

      Correct answer: The clouds encroached upon the sun and the sky darkened.
      The branches stretched their long fingers and tapped the next tree.
      The branches were like hands reaching forward towards me.

      To help you plan your 7 English lesson on: Identifying and emulating Baum's use of pathetic fallacy in 'The Wizard of Oz', download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...