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      Engaging your audience: creating effective opening and closing paragraphs

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can craft an effective opening and closing paragraph for a persuasive speech.

      Key learning points

      1. It is important to consider how the tone of a speech opening will engage the audience.
      2. An introduction should hook your audience in, regardless of the topic.
      3. The ending of your persuasive speech presents the last opportunity to influence your audience.
      4. At the end of your persuasive speech, your audience should know exactly how to help or what to think or feel.
      5. Using rhetorical devices can elevate your opening and closing paragraphs.

      Keywords

      • Impactful - memorable and significant

      • Compelling - convincing and attention grabbing

      • Viewpoint - a person’s opinion or perspective on something

      • Reinforce - to strengthen or further support something - in this context- an idea

      Common misconception

      I don't have time to write an effective closing, I just need to get my work finished!

      The ending is arguably the most important part of the piece of writing. You need to leave your audience with a clear message that is memorable. Writing effective closings will get quicker the more you practice using specific strategies.

      Teacher tip

      There are opportunities for peer assessment or the sharing of work after Task A and B. This could be facilitated as a written or verbal task.

      Equipment

      You will need access to a copy of the 1998 essay ‘The End of Imagination’ by Arundhati Roy for this lesson.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      When considering non-fiction texts, what is tone?

      the reader’s emotional response
      Correct answer: the writer’s attitude or emotional stance
      the main theme of a text
      the genre of the text

      Q2.
      What is being described here: 'a group of words with a similar meaning, or that can be grouped by a subject'?

      Correct Answer: semantic field, a semantic field

      Q3.
      What might it mean to 'unify'?

      Correct answer: bring together something
      have a good connection with something
      support or strengthen something

      Q4.
      In her 'Nobel Speech', Malala uses a call to action stating: "[l]et’s begin this ending together...today...right here, right now." What is the purpose of this?

      it summarises the main points of the content
      it provides background information on the topic
      Correct answer: it urges the audience to take a specific action
      it presents a counterargument

      Q5.
      In her 'Nobel Speech', Malala uses a first person perspective. Which quote is an example of this?

      "Why is it that giving guns is so easy but giving books is so hard?"
      "Dear sisters and brothers, dear fellow children, we must work . . . not wait."
      "Let this be the last time that a child loses life in war".
      Correct answer: "I tell my story, not because it is unique, but because it is not."

      Q6.
      Malala uses humorous anecdotes in her 'Nobel speech', why does she do this?

      to boast about her successes
      Correct answer: to create a rapport and engage with the audience
      to provide statistical evidence
      to present logical reasoning
      to emphasise chronological events

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the purpose of an opening in persuasive speech?

      to summarise the whole speech
      Correct answer: to establish the speaker's viewpoint and engage the audience
      to introduce new information
      to conclude the speech

      Q2.
      What is the purpose of the closing in a persuasive speech?

      to introduce new ideas
      to summarise every single point
      Correct answer: to reinforce the speaker's viewpoint and leave a lasting impression
      to entertain the audience

      Q3.
      What word beginning with 'C' means "convincing and attention grabbing"?

      Correct Answer: compelling

      Q4.
      Which of these is an example of a declarative sentence?

      Do you think I am prepared to stop?
      Correct answer: I am prepared to stop.
      You must be prepared to stop.

      Q5.
      Malala uses the phrase: “[l]et’s begin this ending now” in her 'Nobel Speech'. This is an example of what type of sentence?

      Correct Answer: imperative sentence, imperative, an imperative sentence , an imperative

      Q6.
      Which of these is an example of a rule of three?

      Are you ready for peace to be our gift to the world?
      Correct answer: Let peace be our legacy, our gift to the world, and our enduring triumph.
      You must change the legacy you are about to leave for the sake of a future.

      To help you plan your 10 English lesson on: Engaging your audience: creating effective opening and closing paragraphs, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...