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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe what Benin City was like.

      Key learning points

      1. The Benin bronzes were produced in a place called Benin City, which was the heart of the Benin Kingdom.
      2. The Edo people built this city on a plain, which was known for the high mud walls and great ditches that enclosed it.
      3. Beyond the city walls roughly 500 separate villages were separated by further walls making up the suburbs of the city.
      4. The city was well planned with straight roads and square houses and there were even metal palm oil burning street lamps.
      5. Merchants and artisans worked and lived in the city, while farmers lived and worked in the surrounding rainforests.

      Keywords

      • Edo - the Edo were the indigenous inhabitants of the Kingdom of Benin

      • Indigenous - indigenous refers to people living in a land from the earliest times

      • Plain - a plain is a large area of flat land with few trees

      • Suburbs - suburbs are areas on the outskirts of a city or town where people live

      Common misconception

      Benin City was a primitive or undeveloped society.

      Benin City was a thriving metropolis with well-planned streets, organised urban spaces, and impressive architecture.

      Teacher tip

      Provide students with a clear understanding of the geographical location of Benin City within West Africa. Compare ancient Benin City to modern-day Benin City and incorporate visuals such as maps, illustrations, and photographs of Benin City and its architecture.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What are the Benin Bronzes?

      artworks that were made by modern day artists to tell the history of Benin
      artworks that were sold to the ancient Kingdom of Benin from the Portuguese
      Correct answer: artworks that were made by craftsmen from the ancient Kingdom of Benin

      Q2.
      Why are the Benin Bronzes an important part of the ancient kingdom’s heritage?

      Correct answer: because they are artefacts that represent the country’s history and culture
      because they are artefacts that are very old and don’t belong to anyone
      because they are artefacts that are too beautiful to throw away

      Q3.
      Complete the sentence. The army took the Benin Bronzes when they invaded the city in 1897.

      Correct Answer: British, british

      Q4.
      True or false? Thousands of the Benin Bronzes have been housed in museums across the world since 1897.

      Correct answer: True
      False

      Q5.
      Complete the sentence. To send something back to the country it came from is called .

      Correct Answer: repatriation, Repatriation

      Q6.
      Which of these statements is NOT a reason requesting the repatriation of the Benin Bronzes to Nigeria?

      They are a part of their historical and cultural heritage.
      Correct answer: They are worth a lot of money.
      To share with everyone in the country.
      To be proud of the country’s traditions.

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What does the term 'indigenous' mean?

      the rules and laws of a country
      Correct answer: people living in a land from the earliest times
      the official language of a country
      people who have moved to a new country

      Q2.
      What is the name of the indigenous inhabitants of the Kingdom of Benin.

      Maasai
      Zulu
      Yoruba
      Correct answer: Edo

      Q3.
      Where was Benin City built?

      Correct answer: It was built on a plain.
      It was built on a moutain.
      Correct answer: It was known for its impressive city planning and design.
      Correct answer: It was capital of the Kingdom of Benin.

      Q4.
      What did the 500 smaller villages surrounding Benin City form?

      Correct Answer: the suburbs, The suburbs, The Suburbs, Suburbs, suburbs

      Q5.
      What are some of the features of Benin City?

      Correct answer: straight roads
      low walls
      Correct answer: square houses
      networks of canals

      Q6.
      Complete the sentence. Merchants and artisans typically worked and lived in the .

      Correct Answer: city, City, Benin City

      To help you plan your 6 history lesson on: Benin City, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...