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      The condition of Britain at the end of the Second World War

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe the situation in Britain following the Second World War.

      Key learning points

      1. At the end of the Second World War Britain was victorious but weak.
      2. Bombing campaigns had destroyed many homes and factories in Britain's cities.
      3. Britain was nearly bankrupt having had to spend so much money on the war.
      4. 384 000 British soldiers had died alongside 70 000 civilians.
      5. In 1945 the British public elected a new government that promised to help Britain to recover.

      Keywords

      • Bankrupt - when a country, company or person has no money they are declared bankrupt

      • Election - an election is when people vote to choose who they want to represent them in government

      Common misconception

      Pupils may think that Churchill was unpopular because the majority of the British public did not vote for him in 1945.

      Churchill was a popular individual. It was the lack of promises of his political party to make social changes that lost him the election in 1945.

      Teacher tip

      Look up some new towns that were built after the war to see if you live in one, or if there are any near you. You could also find out what your area looked like before WWII and the rebuilding that came after.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      In History, what is an idea, event, or action that leads to permanent change called?

      milestone
      Correct answer: turning point
      era
      episode

      Q2.
      What is the term used to describe someone who was not part of the armed forces in WWII?

      diplomat
      soldier
      officer
      Correct answer: civilian

      Q3.
      Which is the most accurate description of 'conscription'?

      volunteering for the armed forces
      retiring from the armed forces
      Correct answer: being forced to join the armed forces
      studying the history of the armed forces

      Q4.
      Only men were conscripted during the Second World War.

      True
      Correct answer: False

      Q5.
      How did the lives of women and nurses in Britain change during WWII?

      Correct answer: They had to do war work.
      They had to get married.
      They had to become soldiers.
      Correct answer: Nurses had to go closer to the front lines.

      Q6.
      Which of the below is the most accurate description of the term 'evacuation'?

      the process of people going on a long journey
      Correct answer: the act of moving to a safe place because of danger
      the practice of training for an emergency
      the experience of celebrating a historical event

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      When a country, company or person that has no money what are they declared?

      Correct Answer: bankrupt, Bankrupt

      Q2.
      How many British soldiers lost their lives during the Second World War?

      4,800
      84,000
      Correct answer: 384,000

      Q3.
      Which of the below was significantly destroyed or damaged as a result of the Second World War?

      Correct answer: transport networks
      Correct answer: over two million homes
      farms and farmlands
      Correct answer: factories and docks

      Q4.
      Who was the Prime Minister during much of the Second World War?

      Correct answer: Winston Churchill
      Margaret Thatcher
      Tony Blair
      David Lloyd George

      Q5.
      Complete the sentence: In 1945 the party won the election in Britain.

      Correct Answer: Labour, Labour, Conservative , Liberal

      Q6.
      Choose the correct word to finish the sentence: Under the Labour party, between 1945 and 1955, one million were built.

      factories
      Correct answer: homes
      warehouses
      offices

      To help you plan your 6 history lesson on: The condition of Britain at the end of the Second World War, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...