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      How far religion changed under Roman rule

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how far religion changed in Britain after the Celts were conquered.

      Key learning points

      1. Like the Ancient Romans, whose beliefs had been influenced by the Ancient Greeks, the Celtic people were polytheistic.
      2. In Britain, the Ancient Romans introduced their own gods and wiped out the druids (Celtic religious leaders) in 60CE.
      3. Elsewhere the Ancient Romans were tolerant of Celtic religion, allowing it to continue alongside some of their gods.
      4. Evidence shows us that religious change was slow, and often in combination with existing beliefs.

      Keywords

      • Polytheism - when people believe in many gods and goddesses, it is called polytheism

      • Barbarian - a barbarian was what the Ancient Romans called anyone who did not follow Greek or Roman traditions

      • Druids - the druids were priests of the Celtic religion who believed they could communicate with their gods and goddesses

      • Ancestor - an ancestor is someone's family member from the past

      Common misconception

      Pupils may gain the impression that the Ancient Romans destroyed all aspects of Celtic worship.

      Remind pupils that although the druids were wiped out, the worship of Celtic gods was tolerated as long as Ancient Roman ones were also respected.

      Teacher tip

      Link pupils' knowledge of Ancient Greek civilisation to Ancient Roman polytheism when discussing some of these Ancient Roman gods and goddesses.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Claudius invaded in 43 CE.

      Correct Answer: Britain, Britannia

      Q2.
      Place these events in order, starting with the oldest.

      2 - Claudius invaded Britain.
      3 - Caratacus resisted the Romans.
      4 - Boudica rebelled against the Romans.

      Q3.
      Where were the lands of the Iceni tribe?

      Correct answer: Eastern England
      Wales
      Scotland
      Southern England

      Q4.
      Where was the Roman legion that had to march to fight Boudica?

      Scotland
      Ireland
      Correct answer: Wales
      Cornwall

      Q5.
      Which city did Boudica attack after Colchester?

      Bath
      Lincoln
      Correct answer: London
      Norwich

      Q6.
      Boudica and the Celts were trapped by their own ...

      weapons.
      trees.
      Correct answer: wagons.
      dogs.

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      The Romans and the Celts both believed in polytheism.

      Correct answer: True
      False

      Q2.
      Select a god that was only Celtic.

      Sulis Minerva
      Correct answer: Cernunnos
      Diana

      Q3.
      Which of these was a Celtic and Roman god combined?

      Diana
      Correct answer: Sulis Minerva
      Cernunnos

      Q4.
      Important Celtic religious leaders were called ...

      Correct Answer: druids, druid

      Q5.
      Why did the Romans wipe out the druids?

      The Romans wanted to wipe out Celtic religion.
      Correct answer: The druids encouraged the Celts to resist the Romans.
      The druids were the kings of the Celts.
      The druids had ambushed many Roman legions.

      Q6.
      Which of these statements best describes how much the Romans changed religion in Britain?

      Greatly, replacing most Celtic gods.
      A little, only introducing a few new gods.
      Completely, replacing all the Celtic gods.
      Correct answer: A fair amount, introducing new gods and combining Celtic ones with their own.

      To help you plan your 4 history lesson on: How far religion changed under Roman rule, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...