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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe how immigration to Britain from the Caribbean changed the make-up of Britain and explain that these groups experienced significant racism.

      Key learning points

      1. Labour shortages after WW2 were a significant problem for Britain, who needed migrant workers.
      2. The British Nationality Act of 1948 made all Commonwealth subjects British citizens, able to work and settle in the UK.
      3. The 1948 act and government encouragement led to c. 500 000 Caribbean people moving to Britain during the 1950s-1960s.
      4. This 'Windrush generation' made important contributions to public life in Britain.
      5. Caribbean migrants in Britain experienced significant racism and discrimination in many aspects of life.

      Keywords

      • Labour shortage - when there are not enough workers to meet demand

      • Empire - a group of countries or provinces ruled from the centre by another person or group of people

      • Racism - prejudice or discrimination against a person on the basis of their race and ethnicity

      Common misconception

      Students might presume that everyone the descendants of the Windrush generation had the automatic right to stay and work in Britain.

      The children of Windrush generation did not have their own passports, and it was difficult to prove they had entered the UK legally. This led to the Windrush Scandal in 2018.

      Teacher tip

      Teachers could discuss what the Windrush Scandal was and how the government has tried to remedy this.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

      Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Complete the sentence: During World War Two (WW2), many women entered the workforce or were into military support services.

      Correct Answer: conscripted, conscript

      Q2.
      Complete the sentence: In the 1940s and 1950s, women were seen as workers and were paid less than men.

      Correct Answer: secondary, lesser, less valuable

      Q3.
      Which of the following were barriers women faced to the workforce post-WW2?

      Correct answer: the belief that a woman’s rightful place was in the home
      Correct answer: discrimination and unequal pay in the workplace
      trade unions wanted to protect the skilled status and wages of female members
      women’s war work was seen as a long-term solution
      Correct answer: the decline of traditional industries in Britain

      Q4.
      What age did the Labour government raise the school leaving age to in 1947?

      11
      13
      Correct answer: 15
      18

      Q5.
      When was the marriage bar lifted for female teachers?

      1940
      1944
      1950
      1955

      Q6.
      Which of the following allowed more women to enter the workforce in the 1950s?

      creation of work-from-home schemes
      expansion of full-time positions
      Correct answer: invention of household appliances
      Correct answer: wider availability of childcare
      Correct answer: expansion of part-time positions

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which term describes prejudice or discrimination against a person on the basis of their race and ethnicity?

      Correct Answer: racism, racist beliefs

      Q2.
      Complete the sentence: The British Nationality Act 1948 made provision for all countries that had once been part of the British to have British passports.

      Correct Answer: Empire

      Q3.
      How many Caribbean people moved to Britain during the 1950s and 1960s?

      200 000
      Correct answer: 500 000
      2 000 000
      5 000 000

      Q4.
      Why are Caribbean migrants to post-WW2 Britain known as the ‘Windrush generation’?

      They came from the town of Windrush in the Caribbean.
      They were rushed in to solve Britain’s labour shortages.
      Correct answer: They were named after the ship the first migrants arrived on.
      They were named after the company who recruited them to Britain.

      Q5.
      In which sector did many Caribbean women fill valuable roles?

      teaching
      accounting
      Correct answer: nursing
      plumbing

      Q6.
      Which of the following were ways in which Caribbean migrants were treated in post-WW2 Britain?

      Correct answer: The children of Caribbean migrants faced bullying in schools.
      Caribbean migrants easily found high-paying and highly-skilled work.
      Correct answer: Black tenants were overcharged for overcrowded and poor-quality housing.
      Received a welcoming and understanding reception from local communities.
      Correct answer: Faced poor and unfair treatment by the police and judicial system.

      To help you plan your 9 history lesson on: Experiences of racism in Britain, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...