Energy and temperature
Lesson details
Learning outcome
I can describe the difference between the temperature and the energy of an object or substance.
Key learning points
- The directions in which particles in a substance move are random. This is true of solids, liquids and gases.
- The higher the temperature, the faster the particles vibrate in a solid or move past each other in a liquid or gas.
- Energy needs to be transferred to an object to raise its temperature.
- For two identical objects, the one at a higher temperature has more energy.
- For two objects made of the same substance at the same temperature, the one with more particles has more energy.
Keywords
Random - something that happens or is chosen without any specific pattern, reason, or plan, like whether a coin flip will land heads up or tails up
Temperature - a measure of how hot something is
Thermal energy store - the energy a substance stores because of the random motion of its particles
Common misconception
Energy and temperature are the same thing.
Warm different amounts of water in identical kettles for the same time to show they reach different temperatures for the same energy transferred.
Teacher tip
Sourcing two (or more) identical kettles speeds up demonstration times and allows direct comparisons of warming for different times and/or amounts of water.
Licence
Lesson video
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Prior knowledge starter quiz
6 Questions
Q1.What property do objects have if they have energy in the gravitational store?
Q2.What property do objects have if they have energy in the chemical store?
Q3.Compare the energy in the thermal store of an ice cube and the equivalent volume of water at room temperature. Which statements are correct?
Q4.Which of these cause the energy in the chemical store to increase?
Q5.What happens to the particles a gas is made of when it is heated to a higher temperature?
Q6.What happens to the particles a solid is made of when it is cooled down to a lower temperature?
Assessment exit quiz
6 Questions
Q1.In which state(s) of matter do particles move around in random directions?
Q2.What happens to particles of a gas if you decrease their temperature?
Q3.Put the following in order of how much energy they have in the thermal store, starting with the least energy.
Q4.What happens to the energy a hot water bottle has in the thermal store as it cools down throughout the night?
Q5.Which of these samples of water has the most energy in the thermal store?
Q6.Which of these samples of water has the most energy in the thermal store?
To help you plan your 7 science lesson on: Energy and temperature, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...
To help you plan your 7 science lesson on: Energy and temperature, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs.
The starter quiz will activate and check your pupils' prior knowledge, with versions available both with and without answers in PDF format.
We use learning cycles to break down learning into key concepts or ideas linked to the learning outcome. Each learning cycle features explanations with checks for understanding and practice tasks with feedback. All of this is found in our slide decks, ready for you to download and edit. The practice tasks are also available as printable worksheets and some lessons have additional materials with extra material you might need for teaching the lesson.
The assessment exit quiz will test your pupils' understanding of the key learning points.
Our video is a tool for planning, showing how other teachers might teach the lesson, offering helpful tips, modelled explanations and inspiration for your own delivery in the classroom. Plus, you can set it as homework or revision for pupils and keep their learning on track by sharing an online pupil version of this lesson.
Explore more key stage 3 science lessons from the Heating and cooling unit, dive into the full secondary science curriculum, or learn more about lesson planning.