Key learning points

1. A solid ionic compound cannot conduct electricity.
2. Salts are ionic compounds which can be electrolysed when they are in the molten state.
3. Gases may be formed at the electrodes.
4. Freely moving ions can reach the electrodes and undergo oxidation or reduction.
5. A non-metal always forms at the positive electrode, and a metal forms at the negative electrode.

Keywords

• Molten - the term used to describe a liquid substance formed by heating ionic compounds and metal ores.

• Anode - A positively charged electrode, in an electrolysis cell, to which the anions are attracted.

• Cathode - A negatively charged electrode, in an electrolysis cell, to which the cations are attracted.

• Anion - A negatively charged ion.

• Cation - A positively charged ion.

Common misconception