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      Proportions and scale: textiles

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can determine and justify the size of my design.

      Key learning points

      1. Design decisions are justified.
      2. Measurements, scale and proportion are design decisions which must be justified.
      3. Designers can work to scale which is calculated.

      Keywords

      • Specification - describes what a design must have or do

      • Justification - the reason or explanation for why something is done, or believed to be right

      • Proportion - balanced relationship between different parts

      • Dimensions - the sizes of objects or components

      • Scale - a ratio of full size

      Common misconception

      All prototypes must be life size.

      It is not always possible to manufacture life size prototypes. The space to manufacture and store may be limited plus the materials may be expensive. A smaller scale product saves space and materials but still allows for a product to be manufactured.

      Teacher tip

      This lesson is the perfect opportunity for students to learn about standardised scales but also to work out the sizes of their own design.

      Equipment

      Rulers, scale rulers if available but not essential, paper, pencils

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is AI?

      Correct answer: the simulation of human intelligence in machines
      the physical components of a computer that process data
      a programming language used to build software applications

      Q2.
      is a tendency to favour or judge something unfairly based on personal beliefs or preferences.

      Correct Answer: bias

      Q3.
      Bias in AI is sometimes called?

      Correct answer: algorithm bias
      neural bias
      data bias

      Q4.
      Which of the below would be an example of a stereotype?

      all dogs need regular exercise
      Correct answer: people from Canada are always polite
      some people prefer coffee over tea

      Q5.
      How can AI be used when designing?

      by physically assembling prototypes
      Correct answer: by helping spark creativity when a designer has design fixation
      Correct answer: by helping to iterate ideas by changing details such as materials
      by replacing all human designers entirely

      Q6.
      How could a designer use this AI generated image in their own design work?

      An image in a quiz
      Correct answer: a designer could iterate further ideas having been inspired by this one
      a designer could copy this design and claim it as their own idea
      a designer could generate this as their only design idea but explain it is AI

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      A design specification can be used to help design decisions.

      Correct Answer: justify, justification

      Q2.
      Does this image show a handle that is or is not in proportion?

      An image in a quiz
      Correct answer: is in proportion
      is not in proportion

      Q3.
      What unit of measurement is most often used when working out dimensions?

      inches
      Correct answer: millimetres
      centimetres
      metres

      Q4.
      Why might a prototype not be made to full scale?

      Correct answer: lack of manufacturing and storage space
      to test durability
      the designer prefers working with smaller models
      Correct answer: cost of materials

      To help you plan your 10 design and technology lesson on: Proportions and scale: textiles, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...