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      Co-ordination for text flow

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can write a compound sentence using three different joining words accurately.

      Key learning points

      1. 'And', 'but' and 'or' are three different co-ordinating conjunctions.
      2. The co-ordinating conjunction used changes the meaning of the compound sentence.
      3. Co-ordination helps our writing flow.

      Keywords

      • Flow - to move easily

      • Joining word - a word that joins words or ideas

      • Compound sentence - a sentence formed of two simple sentences and a joining word

      Common misconception

      Pupils might struggle to know whether 'and', 'but' or 'or' is best in a compound sentence.

      Share and discuss many examples and non-examples where 'and', 'but' or 'or' works best in a sentence in comparison with the other options.

      Teacher tip

      Using gestures for each conjunction helps pupils remember the meaning of each. Fists on top of each other works well for 'and'; one thumb up and one thumb down works well for 'but'; two hands out in front of you to show options works well for 'or'.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the word with the correct definition.

      Correct Answer:adjective,a word that describes a noun
      Correct Answer:verb,a doing or being word
      Correct Answer:noun,a naming word for people, places or things
      Correct Answer:adverb,a word that describes a verb

      Q2.
      How many verbs are in a compound sentence?

      none
      one
      Correct answer: at least two

      Q3.
      Which of these are joining words?

      Correct answer: or
      to
      Correct answer: but
      Correct answer: and
      man

      Q4.
      Which of these makes complete sense?

      jumped in the air
      Correct answer: The fish swam through the coral.
      darted behind the seaweed.
      The fish

      Q5.
      Identify the joining word in this sentence: 'The squirrel scurried up the tree and the nut fell on the ground.'

      tree
      Correct answer: and
      the
      on

      Q6.
      Would you choose 'and', 'but' or 'or' to join two ideas that oppose each other in a compound sentence?

      Correct Answer: but, But

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which joining word would you choose if the second idea builds on the first idea?

      Correct answer: and
      but
      or

      Q2.
      Choose the joining word that would best fit in this sentence: It was his birthday __________ there were no presents.

      or
      Correct answer: but
      and

      Q3.
      A piece of writing flows well when...

      Correct answer: it includes different sentence structures.
      two adjectives are used to describe every noun.
      every sentence starts with a fronted adverbial of time.
      Correct answer: some sentences include joining words.

      Q4.
      Which sentence flows best?

      We climb the hill or the view is fantastic.
      Correct answer: It is cold at the top but we have warm coats.
      Would you like to hold my hand and can you get down by yourself?

      Q5.
      Which joining word is missing from this sentence? We could play at home __________ we could go to the park.

      Correct Answer: or, Or

      Q6.
      Which joining word is missing from this sentence? We went shopping _________ we bought some new clothes.

      Correct Answer: and, And

      To help you plan your 2 English lesson on: Co-ordination for text flow, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...