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      Exploring characterisation in 'A Christmas Carol'

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can analyse characterisation within a chapter.

      Key learning points

      1. Characterisation is the way an author describes and develops the personalities and traits of the characters in a story.
      2. Authors choose adjectives carefully to build a picture of a character.
      3. The way a character treats others helps us understand a character, build an opinion and become invested in the story.
      4. Authors use contrasting characters to helps highlight particular characteristics.
      5. In the summary, Scrooge meets four ghosts who give him a new perspective on life.

      Keywords

      • Characterisation - Characterisation is the way an author and illustrator describes and develops the personalities and traits of the characters in a story.

      • Synonym - A synonym is a word that has the same or similar meaning to another word.

      • Contrast - Contrast is a significant difference between one thing and another.

      Common misconception

      Children may not realise that characterisation is more complex than just adjective choice. It is also about how they treat other people and how they are treated by other people.

      Practise drawing from real life examples of how you develop an impression of a person and their characteristics.

      Teacher tip

      Provide an opportunity for children to compare the character of Scrooge to other characters they have studied, particularly any by the same author.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      When reading, what is meant by a making a prediction?

      a list of technical or subject-specific terms with brief explanations
      when you find and remember specific information or details from the text
      Correct answer: a guess or inference about what might happen next in the story based on clues

      Q2.
      Which of these words has a similar meaning to 'mean'?

      jolly
      Correct answer: nasty
      Correct answer: unpleasant
      Correct answer: cruel

      Q3.
      Which of these words relate to Christmas?

      Correct answer: merry
      boring
      Correct answer: festive
      gloomy

      Q4.
      Which words also mean 'ghost'?

      Correct answer: spirit
      shape
      Correct answer: phantom
      mystery

      Q5.
      True or false? Words sometimes have related words in different word classes.

      Correct Answer: True, true

      Q6.
      What is Scrooge's first name?

      Bob
      Fred
      Correct answer: Ebenezer
      Eric

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions.

      Correct Answer:characterisation,the way an author and illustrator describes and develops a character
      Correct Answer:synonym,a word that has the same or similar meaning to another word
      Correct Answer:contrast,significant difference between one thing and another

      Q2.
      Order the following events from the summary of 'A Christmas Carol'.

      1 - Scrooge is visited by the ghost of his old business partner, Marley.
      2 - Scrooge is visited by the Ghost of Christmas Past.
      3 - Scrooge is visited by the Ghost of Christmas Present.
      4 - Scrooge is visited by the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come.

      Q3.
      True or False? The ghosts all looked and acted the same.

      Correct Answer: False, false

      Q4.
      In the morning, why did Scrooge jump from his bed with determination?

      Correct answer: He is determined to turn his life around.
      He is scared and wants to get away.
      He's excited about breakfast.

      Q5.
      Which of these following words relates to the difference between Scrooge at the beginning of the summary and Scrooge at the end of the summary?

      similar
      Correct answer: contrast
      appropriate

      Q6.
      True or False? Scrooge is only characterised in a negative light.

      Correct Answer: False, false

      To help you plan your 4 English lesson on: Exploring characterisation in 'A Christmas Carol', download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...