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      Spelling words with the suffixes "-ful" and "-less"

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can change the meaning of a word by adding the suffix -ful or -less.

      Key learning points

      1. -ful and -less are suffixes that can be used to change the meaning of a root word.
      2. Some root words can use the suffixes -ful and -less.
      3. The -less and -ful suffixes start with a consonant, so the root word usually doesn’t change when the suffix is added.
      4. If the root word has more than one syllable and ends in a consonant +y, then ‘y’ is replaced by ‘i’ before the suffix.
      5. How to spell the curriculum words: reign and island.

      Keywords

      • Root word - the base word from which other words are formed often by adding prefixes or suffixes

      • Adjective - describes a noun

      • Suffix - a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to change its meaning

      • Noun - a naming word for a person, place or thing

      Common misconception

      All root words can take both suffixes -ful and -less.

      Show a variety of words with suffixes -ful and -less. Choose ones familiar to the pupils and put into sentences to demonstrate the meaning.

      Teacher tip

      Show the children's actual misconceptions when giving feedback on spelling tasks and talk through the process of how to recognise what is correct based on the rules taught.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What word class is the word in bold in this sentence? Chen was very careful that day.

      noun
      Correct answer: adjective
      adverb

      Q2.
      Match the word to the suffix it contains.

      Correct Answer:quickly,-ly

      -ly

      Correct Answer:careful,-ful

      -ful

      Correct Answer:greenest,-est

      -est

      Correct Answer:played,-ed

      -ed

      Q3.
      What rule is used when 'horrible' becomes 'horribly' when adding the suffix -ly?

      Just add -ly.
      Correct answer: Remove the ‘e’, add -ly.
      Remove the ‘y’, add -ily.
      Add -ally.

      Q4.
      What rule is used when 'greedy' becomes 'greedily' when adding the suffix -ly?

      Just add -ly.
      Remove the ‘e’, add -ly.
      Correct answer: Remove the ‘y’, add -ily.
      Add -ally.

      Q5.
      What rule is used when 'sad' becomes 'sadly' when adding the suffix -ly?

      Correct answer: Just add -ly.
      Remove the ‘e’, add -ly.
      Remove the ‘y’, add -ily.
      Add -ally.

      Q6.
      Correct the spelling of the word in bold in the sentence. The number after seven is ate.

      Correct Answer: eight

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Identify all the words containing the suffix -ful.

      Correct answer: careful
      fully
      Correct answer: beautiful
      fuller

      Q2.
      Identify all the words containing the suffix -less.

      lesson
      Correct answer: careless
      less
      Correct answer: merciless

      Q3.
      What word class is the word 'painful' in this sentence? I had a painful cut on my arm.

      verb
      noun
      Correct answer: adjective
      adverb

      Q4.
      Match the words to the rules that apply when the suffix -less or -ful is added.

      Correct Answer:play - playful,Just add -ful.

      Just add -ful.

      Correct Answer:beauty - beautiful,Remove the ‘y’, then add -iful.

      Remove the ‘y’, then add -iful.

      Correct Answer:care - careless,Just add -less.

      Just add -less.

      Correct Answer:mercy - merciless,Remove the ‘y’, then add -iless.

      Remove the ‘y’, then add -iless.

      Q5.
      Choose the correct spelling of the word in bold in the sentence. Queen Elizabeth had a very long rain.

      rein
      riegn
      Correct answer: reign
      regn

      Q6.
      Correct the spelling of the word in bold in the sentence. Across the waves they could see a beautiful illand.

      Correct Answer: island

      To help you plan your 3 English lesson on: Spelling words with the suffixes "-ful" and "-less", download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...