Choose exam board for KS4 Computer Science (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 English
Choose exam board for KS4 French
Choose exam board for KS4 Geography
Choose exam board for KS4 German
Choose exam board for KS4 History
Choose tier for KS4 Maths
Choose exam board for KS4 Music
Choose exam board for KS4 Physical education (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 Religious education (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 Spanish

      Researching information about a penguin's appearance and adaptations

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can write notes about a penguin's appearance and physical features from a range of sources.

      Key learning points

      1. Information can be gathered from a range of different sources.
      2. Credibility of each source must be determined.
      3. Origin of a source must be cited.
      4. Full sentences are not required when writing in note form.
      5. Notes can be organised by theme using bullet points.

      Keywords

      • Source - someone or something that supplies information

      • Credible - something that can be believed or trusted

      • Origin - where something starts or comes from

      • Theme - a central idea that the writer intends the audience to engage deeply with

      • Bullet points - punctuation marks that lay key information out in a non-fiction text

      Common misconception

      Pupils may try to write their 'notes' in full sentences.

      Oral rehearsal of sentences using very short notes will help them in writing tasks using these facts.

      Teacher tip

      You may wish to play videos and provide extra images of macaroni penguins or to provide other credible sources of information for pupils to use for research.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

      Loading...

      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of the following can be used to improve text cohesion?

      Correct answer: joining separate sentences to make compound sentences
      Correct answer: joining related ideas to make complex sentences
      Correct answer: showing connections between ideas using fronted adverbials
      using shorter words in your sentences

      Q2.
      Which of the following is a compound sentence?

      Stag beetles are native to the UK although they are endangered.
      Correct answer: Stag beetles are native to the UK and they live in south east England.
      Stag beetles, which are endangered, are native to the UK.

      Q3.
      Which co-ordinating conjunction would best join the following two sentences? 'Male stag beetles have over-sized mandibles. Females do not.'

      and
      as
      Correct answer: but
      or

      Q4.
      Match each type of complex sentence to the example of a word that could begin its subordinate clause.

      Correct Answer:adverbial complex sentence,because

      because

      Correct Answer:relative complex sentence,which

      which

      Correct Answer:non-finite complex sentence,measuring

      measuring

      Q5.
      Which of these sentences start with a fronted adverbial?

      Correct answer: Interestingly, the adult stag beetle consumes very little nutrients.
      The beetle can survive because it has significant energy stores.
      Correct answer: As a result of this, stag beetle numbers are stabilising.
      Stag beetle numbers have stabilised as a result of woodlands being protected.

      Q6.
      Match each type of fronted adverbial to the correct example.

      Correct Answer:fronted adverbial of cause,Consequently,

      Consequently,

      Correct Answer:formal fronted adverbial,On the other hand,

      On the other hand,

      Correct Answer:viewpoint fronted adverbial,Interestingly,

      Interestingly,

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What does it mean if a source of information is 'credible'?

      It's really excellent to look at.
      It's not trustworthy.
      Correct answer: It's trustworthy.
      Correct answer: It comes from a reliable source.

      Q2.
      You are looking for facts about penguins online. Which of these sources is likely to be most credible?

      a joke about penguins from a comedy video channel
      a comment on a video about penguins
      Correct answer: a video about penguins from a well-known TV station

      Q3.
      Which part of our non-chronological report is most likely to contain general information about penguins?

      Correct answer: the introduction
      the section about penguins' habitats
      the section about penguins' diets
      the section about penguins' appearance

      Q4.
      Which fact about macaroni penguins is most likely to be placed in the introduction of a non-chronological report?

      Correct answer: Their scientific name is Eudyptes chrysolophus.
      They weigh around 3.5 kilograms.
      They are flightless birds with a yellow crest.
      They secrete oil to make their feathers waterproof.

      Q5.
      Which of the following are adaptations that help macaroni penguins survive?

      They are 70 centimetres in length.
      Correct answer: They have a layer of blubber.
      Correct answer: Their muscles can store oxygen for long periods.
      They live in the seas around the Antarctic.

      Q6.
      When we're researching, which of the following is useful to do?

      Correct answer: Check that our sources are credible.
      Correct answer: Take bullet point notes about what we read.
      Write in complete sentences.
      Correct answer: Write in notes instead of complete sentences.

      To help you plan your 6 English lesson on: Researching information about a penguin's appearance and adaptations, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...