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      Semi-colons: second function

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can use the semi-colon in a detailed list in which each item includes commas.

      Key learning points

      1. A semi-colon is a piece of punctuation with more than one purpose.
      2. A semi-colon can be used to separate items in a detailed list in which each item includes commas.
      3. A semi-colon can help to avoid ambiguity in a detailed list.

      Keywords

      • Semi-colon - a piece of punctuation that can separate items in a detailed list in which each item includes commas

      • Ambiguity - when the meaning of a sentence or text is unclear to the reader

      • Colon - a piece of punctuation placed after a main clause that can introduce a list or question

      • Comma - a piece of punctuation used to separate nouns in a list and to demarcate a non-finite clause or a relative clause

      Common misconception

      Pupils may use commas instead of semi-colons to separate detailed list items.

      Reinforce the idea that it would be confusing to separate items containing commas using commas.

      Teacher tip

      In the second Learning Cycle, ensure that the children note down their ideas when you feel appropriate, building towards the final task.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What can a semi-colon join together?

      two words
      two adjectives
      Correct answer: two groups of words that could each make a complete sentence
      two verbs

      Q2.
      Which version below joins these two sentences correctly using a semi-colon? 'We really enjoyed ourselves. My mum was less impressed.'

      We really enjoyed ourselves my mum; was less impressed.
      We really enjoyed ourselves; My mum was less impressed.
      Correct answer: We really enjoyed ourselves; my mum was less impressed.

      Q3.
      Match each main clause to a closely-related one to create a sentence that could be joined with a semi-colon.

      Correct Answer:We were all furious; ,the match was cancelled at the last minute.
      Correct Answer:Lucas loves art; ,his sister prefers sports.
      Correct Answer:It was nearly Christmas; ,we were all very excited.

      Q4.
      Which of the following sentences has the semi-colon in the correct position?

      Pausing at the door; the headteacher smiled he was so impressed.
      Correct answer: Pausing at the door, the headteacher smiled; he was so impressed.
      Pausing at the door the headteacher smiled he was; so impressed.

      Q5.
      Select all of the sentences with a semi-colon in the correct position.

      Correct answer: Before I could finish my lunch, the bell rang; it was time to go back.
      Wincing in pain; Jacob lay on the floor, it had been a hard tackle.
      Mr Martinez smiled; as Jun answered it was a very impressive response.
      Correct answer: Aisha sang beautifully, filling the whole church; it was a beautiful moment.

      Q6.
      Which of the following sentences uses a semi-colon correctly to join two closely-related ideas?

      Correct answer: Mr Martinez waved at me in the shop; he had recognised me.
      Alex passed the ball to me first; he lives in the next village over.
      Correct answer: Izzy loves to draw; her brother prefers to paint.
      Miss O'Neill drives to school by car; her house is very small.

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of the following pieces of punctuation might we need to punctuate a detailed list?

      Correct answer: a colon
      Correct answer: commas
      Correct answer: semi-colons
      inverted commas

      Q2.
      Why does the following list not need semi-colons? 'I bought several items: eggs, milk, cheese and cream.'

      because the items are common nouns
      Correct answer: because none of the items contains a comma
      because the items already contain commas
      because the list is introduce by a colon

      Q3.
      Why does this list need semi-colons? 'The landscape was filled with exciting noises: the loud, shrill squawk of a bird; the harsh, low growl of a puma; and the chirp of a rodent, scurrying away.'

      the items in the list are very long
      the items in the list contain colons
      Correct answer: the items in the list contain commas

      Q4.
      For what reasons are there commas in this list? 'She saw incredible things: bright jewels, shimmering in the darkness; mummies, whose bandages were pure white; and beautiful, golden treasures.'

      Correct answer: to demarcate a non-finite (-ing) clause
      Correct answer: to demarcate a relative clause
      Correct answer: between two adjectives in an expanded noun phrase
      to introduce the list

      Q5.
      Using semi-colons in lists helps reduce ambiguity. What does this mean?

      Correct answer: it is less confusing
      Correct answer: it is easier to see what the list items are
      there are fewer words in the list
      Correct answer: punctuation always helps the reader

      Q6.
      Which language features are used in the following list item? 'a vast, ice-covered mountain, towering above her head'

      Correct answer: an expanded noun phrase with two adjectives
      a relative clause
      Correct answer: a non-finite (-ing) clause
      an adverbial clause

      To help you plan your 6 English lesson on: Semi-colons: second function, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...