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      Analysing stanzas three and four of 'The Highwayman'

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can analyse and understand the events in Stanzas Three and Four of ‘The Highwayman’.

      Key learning points

      1. Alfred Noyes uses figurative language and poetic devices to create imagery and describe events in stanza three.
      2. As this poem was set in the 18th century, some of the language choices may be unfamiliar.
      3. Understanding the meaning of all vocabulary in the poem enables us to analyse and understand each stanza fully.

      Keywords

      • Narrative poem - a poem that tells a story

      • Build-up - introduces the storyline for some main characters and begins to set up a problem or situation that will build in tension

      • Stanza - a part of a poem consisting of two or more lines grouped together

      • Analyse - to study something in detail to understand its meaning

      Common misconception

      Pupils may mix up different poetic devices.

      The tasks in learning cycles one and two explicitly model how each poetic device is used in each stanza.

      Teacher tip

      It may be helpful to supplement the slides with additional images to support pupils' understanding of key vocabulary and the events in each stanza.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is a narrative poem?

      a non-fiction text about a subject
      a factual recount of a real-life event
      Correct answer: a poem that tells a story

      Q2.
      'The Highwayman' was written by ...

      William Shakespeare.
      Correct answer: Alfred Noyes.
      Charles Dickens.

      Q3.
      What does 'rural' mean?

      set in a city
      set in a village
      set in a town
      Correct answer: set in the countryside

      Q4.
      Match the figurative language types to their examples.

      Correct Answer:metaphor,his hands were blocks of ice

      his hands were blocks of ice

      Correct Answer:simile,the sky was as black as coal

      the sky was as black as coal

      Correct Answer:personification,the desperate, lonely moor

      the desperate, lonely moor

      Q5.
      Match the poetic devices to their examples.

      Correct Answer:alliteration,the horse's hooves hammered the path

      the horse's hooves hammered the path

      Correct Answer:repetition,racing - racing - racing

      racing - racing - racing

      Correct Answer:rhyme,chin, skin

      chin, skin

      Q6.
      'His eyes were storms, fierce and unyielding' is an example of which literary device?

      alliteration
      simile
      Correct answer: metaphor
      rhyme

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions.

      Correct Answer:narrative poem,a poem that tells a story

      a poem that tells a story

      Correct Answer:build-up,introduces the storyline for some main characters

      introduces the storyline for some main characters

      Correct Answer:stanza,part of a poem consisting of two or more lines grouped together

      part of a poem consisting of two or more lines grouped together

      Correct Answer:analyse,to study something in detail to understand its meaning

      to study something in detail to understand its meaning

      Q2.
      Match the stanzas with what they are about.

      Correct Answer:Stanza One,the setting

      the setting

      Correct Answer:Stanza Two,the Highwayman

      the Highwayman

      Correct Answer:Stanza Three,Bess

      Bess

      Correct Answer:Stanza Four,Tim

      Tim

      Q3.
      Fill in the gap: Stanzas Three and Four of the poem form the basis of the __________ of our narrative writing.

      setting and character description
      Correct answer: build-up
      climax

      Q4.
      Match the vocabulary to the correct definitions.

      Correct Answer:ostler,a person employed to look after the horses of people staying at an inn

      a person employed to look after the horses of people staying at an inn

      Correct Answer:inn,a rural pub, sometimes offering accommodation

      a rural pub, sometimes offering accommodation

      Correct Answer:landlord,a man who owned and managed a pub, inn or small hotel

      a man who owned and managed a pub, inn or small hotel

      Correct Answer:dumb,silent

      silent

      Q5.
      Which of these is the correct definition of 'onomatopoeia'?

      compares two things by saying that one thing is another
      compares two things using ‘like’ or ‘as’
      when word endings sound the same
      Correct answer: a word that sounds like the sound it is describing

      Q6.
      Put the events of the narrative poem so far in the correct order.

      1 - The Highwayman races on horseback across the moor.
      2 - The Highwayman arrives at the yard of an inn.
      3 - He knocks on the shutters and whistles up towards the window.
      4 - Bess, the landlord's daughter, appears at the window.
      5 - Tim, the ostler, hides in the stable and spies on Bess and the Highwayman.

      To help you plan your 5 English lesson on: Analysing stanzas three and four of 'The Highwayman', download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...