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      Tracking characters and tension in 'Small Island'

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can track character development across the play and consider how tension is created.

      Key learning points

      1. The characters in ‘Small Island’ have tumultuous journies.
      2. The characters are changed as a result of their experiences.
      3. Edmundson creates tension through the use of dramatic irony.
      4. Edmundson uses a motif in her settings to create tension.

      Keywords

      • Tension - a feeling of uncertainty or anticipation

      • Adversity - is to face difficulties, challenges or hardship in life

      • Tumultuous - a situation or feeling or confusion, disorder and chaos

      • Motif - a recurring theme, image or idea that contributes to the overall meaning of a text

      • Dramatic irony - occurs when the audience knows something that the characters do not, leading to tension or humor as events unfold

      Common misconception

      Hortense is the main protagonist.

      Look at how many scenes other characters are in and the importance of their journeys. Why might Levy choose to have multiple protagonists? Think back to her original intentions.

      Teacher tip

      Encourage pupils to explore and discuss their own reactions to particular moments in the play, this will enable them to understand the effects and purpose of dramatic irony.

      Equipment

      You will need access to a copy of the play 'Small Island' written by Andrea Levy and adapted for the stage by Helen Edmundson

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the definition of tension?

      Something that feels pointless or lacking any worth
      Correct answer: A feeling of uncertainty or anticipation
      A situation or feeling or confusion, disorder and chaos

      Q2.
      What adjectives might you use to describe Hortense in 'Small Island'?

      shy
      Correct answer: proud
      Correct answer: frustrated
      rude

      Q3.
      Starting with the first, put the following plot points for Hortense in 'Small Island' in chronological order.

      1 - Hortense is working as a teaching assistant in a school.
      2 - We flashback to Hortense's childhood where she grows up with Michael.
      3 - Hortense meets Gilbert and she decides she wants to move to England.
      4 - Hortense and Gilbert get married.
      5 - Hortense moves to England.
      6 - Hortense becomes a victim of racism; she cannot be a teacher.
      7 - Hortense helps Queenie deliver her baby and agrees to adopt him.

      Q4.
      How do Hortense's feelings for Gilbert change across the course of 'Small Island'?

      Correct answer: Hortense grows to be proud of Gilbert after he stands up for himself.
      Hortense grows increasingly frustrated with Gilbert because she feels let down.
      Hortense grows to love Gilbert for the home he has provided for her.

      Q5.
      How does Act 1 of 'Small Island' begin?

      with Hortense speaking directly to the audience
      Correct answer: with Pathé-style footage
      with a flashback to Hortense's childhood

      Q6.
      A is a recurring theme, image or idea that contributes to the overall meaning of a text.

      Correct Answer: motif, Motif

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the key term to its definition.

      Correct Answer:tension,a feeling of uncertainty or anticipation

      a feeling of uncertainty or anticipation

      Correct Answer:adversity,to face difficulties, challenges or hardship in life

      to face difficulties, challenges or hardship in life

      Correct Answer:tumultuous ,situation or feeling of confusion, disorder and chaos

      situation or feeling of confusion, disorder and chaos

      Q2.
      What motif does Edmundson use in 'Small Island' to show the difference between expectations and reality?

      Correct answer: pathé style footage
      war imagery
      journeys

      Q3.
      What word best fits in this sentence: The characters in 'Small Island' have __________ journeys.

      adverse
      Correct answer: tumultuous
      tense

      Q4.
      What is being described here: occurs when the audience knows something that the characters do not, leading to tension or humor as events unfold.

      Correct Answer: dramatic irony

      Q5.
      What examples of dramatic irony do we see in 'Small Island'?

      Correct answer: the affair between Mrs Ryder and Michael
      Correct answer: Queenie calling her baby Michael
      Correct answer: Hortense and Gilbert moving to England
      Gilbert getting a job at the post office

      Q6.
      In 'Small Island', how does Gilbert's outlook on the "opportunities" England has to offer change?

      He starts uncertain and becomes more optimistic.
      Correct answer: He starts optimistic and becomes more uncertain.
      He is always sure of the opportunities that England holds.

      To help you plan your 9 English lesson on: Tracking characters and tension in 'Small Island', download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...