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      Considering how Verne uses sentences in ‘Journey to the Centre of the Earth’

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how different sentence types work together to create an overall effect.

      Key learning points

      1. Writers vary the position of subordinate clauses in a sentence, to alter pace, tension and emphasis
      2. Writers vary the types of sentence used (interrogative, exclamatory, declarative and imperative) to convey emotion
      3. When analysing sentences, give precise examples from the text
      4. When analysing sentences, break down the effect of different sentence structures in detail

      Keywords

      • Science Fiction - Fiction based on imagined scientific or technological advances or major social or environmental changes.

      • Main clause - A clause in a sentence that can form a complete sentence when standing alone.

      • Subordinate clause - A clause in a sentence that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. It complements a main clause.

      • Interrogative sentence - Sentences that ask a question.

      • Exclamatory sentence - Sentences that express sudden or strong emotions.

      Common misconception

      Main and subordinate clauses are merely grammatical terms not worthy of analysis.

      A writer's decision to use subordinate and main clauses is a creative choice. Their use can achieve different things (e.g. tension, pace).

      Teacher tip

      'Journey to the Centre of the Earth' is a famous and widely read story - consider using an audiobook version in the reading. It might also be worth showing students a trailer from a movie adaptation to set the scene.

      Equipment

      There is a copy of the extract from 'Journey to the Centre of the Earth' available in the additional materials.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      If a sentence contains a single independent clause then it is a ...

      compound sentence.
      complex sentence.
      Correct answer: simple sentence.

      Q2.
      Which of the below are conjunctions?

      Correct answer: and
      Correct answer: but
      Correct answer: so
      additionally
      for example

      Q3.
      Which of the below is an example of a compound sentence?

      I went to the market.
      Correct answer: I went to the market and I bought some apples.
      Intending to buy apples, I went to the market.
      Do I need to buy apples from the market?

      Q4.
      Which of the below is the correct definition of a complex sentence?

      A sentence with a single clause with a subject and verb
      A sentence with two independent clauses linked by a conjunction
      Correct answer: A sentence with a combination of a main clause and a subordinate clause
      A sentence that conveys intense emotion

      Q5.
      Look at the definitions below. Which of these is the best definition of an interrogative sentence?

      A sentence that gives commands
      A sentences that conveys facts
      Correct answer: A sentence that asks questions
      A sentence that expresses sudden or strong emotions

      Q6.
      Look at the definitions below. Which of these is the best definition of as exclamative sentence?

      A sentence that conveys facts
      A sentence that contains a main and subordinate clause.
      Correct answer: A sentence that expresses sudden or strong emotions
      A sentence that give commands

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Who wrote 'Journey to the Centre of the Earth'?

      Correct Answer: Jules Verne, Verne, verne, jules verne, Jules verne

      Q2.
      In 'Journey to the Centre of the Earth', the character of Axel has become separated from his friends. How?

      Correct answer: He took a different 'stream' and is now separated from them.
      He was blinded by the Aurora lights and has lost his way.
      In a battle with a prehistoric dinosaur, he was cut off from them.
      They have deliberately abandoned him.

      Q3.
      At one point in 'Journey to the Centre of the Earth' Axel says, "To what unknown depths had my companions gone? Where was I?" What sentence types have been used here?

      Exclamative sentences
      Correct answer: Interrogative sentences
      Declarative sentences
      Imperative sentences

      Q4.
      Which words are missing from this definition of 'science fiction': 'Fiction based on __________ scientific or technological advances or major __________ or environmental changes.'

      Correct answer: imagined, social
      interesting, political
      fake, biological
      exaggerated, human

      Q5.
      In 'Journey to the Centre of the Earth' Axel says, "My brain throbbed with agony as I tried to discover the solution of this terrible problem." What sentence type has been used here?

      compound
      Correct answer: complex
      simple
      interrogative

      Q6.
      Look at the this sentence: "Mechanically I crawled about, feeling the dry and arid rock." Which of the below best describes it?

      Correct answer: It is a complex sentence with the main clause at the beginning.
      It is a complex sentence with the subordinate clause at the beginning.
      It is a compound sentence joined by a conjunction.
      It is an exclamative sentence showing the character's fear.
      It is two simple sentences joined by a comma.

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