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      Using synonyms and expanded noun phrases to craft effective descriptions

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can use small strategies to improve the cohesion of my descriptive writing.

      Key learning points

      1. Synonyms can be used to avoid repeating a subject e.g. 'The trees'.
      2. Supporting details should be used to describe the paragraph focus in detail.
      3. Concluding sentences draw paragraphs together, creating cohesion.
      4. Expanded noun phrases can be effective at focusing on details within a scene.

      Keywords

      • Synonym - A word that has the same meaning - or almost the same meaning - as another word.

      • Expanded noun phrase - A descriptive phrase made of a noun as well as one or more adjectives.

      • Concluding sentence - The last sentence in a paragraph, concluding that paragraph’s main idea or focus.

      • Cohesion - The act of sticking together tightly. If writing has cohesion it fits together well.

      • Tense - On edge, as if something bad is going to happen.

      Common misconception

      Using sophisticated vocabulary alone is enough to make my writing great.

      Although sophisticated vocabulary is good, there are lots of smaller strategies that can also make writing effective.

      Teacher tip

      You may wish to revisit other class texts/extracts that use the strategies discussed in this lesson to show students first hand examples of how they can elevate writing.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision required

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      In which era did the sci-fi genre gain popularity?

      Correct answer: Victorian
      Elizabethan
      Georgian

      Q2.
      If you describe someone as villainous then their behaviour is ...

      Correct answer: immoral and wicked.
      stupid and arrogant.
      sneaky and rude.
      cheeky and silly.

      Q3.
      Jun created a character for his story that had strong elements of a tragic hero. We could describe what Jun has done here as ...

      context.
      Correct answer: characterisation.
      research.
      creativity.

      Q4.
      A group of words related in some way can be described as a ...

      Correct answer: semantic field.
      group of three.
      theme.
      acronym.

      Q5.
      'The last sentence in a paragraph, concluding that paragraph’s main idea or focus.' What is being described here?

      Topic sentence
      Discourse marker
      Correct answer: Concluding sentence
      Supporting detail

      Q6.
      Which of the below is the best definition of the adjective 'tense'?

      Correct answer: On edge, as if something bad is going to happen.
      On edge, as if something good is going to happen.
      On edge, as if something exciting is going to happen.

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is being described here: 'A word that has the same meaning - or almost the same meaning - as another word.'?

      Correct Answer: synonym, Synonym, synonym., Synonym.

      Q2.
      Which of the below could be considered synonyms for tense?

      Correct answer: nervous
      Correct answer: edgy
      Correct answer: uneasy
      chaotic
      afraid

      Q3.
      If a piece of writing sticks together well then it has ...

      Correct answer: cohesion.
      consistency.
      complexity.
      clarity.

      Q4.
      To be considered an expanded noun phrase a sentence must have ...

      Correct answer: a noun and one or more adjectives.
      a noun, verb and adjective.
      a noun and a verb.
      a noun and a language device describing the noun.

      Q5.
      Sofia wrote a descriptive piece of writing about a jungle. However, she began three separate sentences with 'The trees'. What would be an appropriate piece of feedback for Sofia?

      Correct answer: Use synonyms to vary the subject ('the trees').
      Add a different adjective before 'trees' in each sentence.
      Focus less on the trees and pick something else to write about.
      This is too simplistic. Swap 'The trees' for language devices.

      Q6.
      When using a single paragraph outline, which of the below would be appropriate for the 'supporting detail' section?

      Correct answer: note-form
      Correct answer: specific language devices I'd like to use
      Correct answer: key words
      overall focus of the paragraph
      conclusion

      To help you plan your 10 English lesson on: Using synonyms and expanded noun phrases to craft effective descriptions, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...