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      Analysing Saramago's use of structural devices in 'Blindness'

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can confidently write a piece of structural analysis about an unseen fiction text.

      Key learning points

      1. Considering the ordering of ideas is important when analysing the structure of a text.
      2. Saramago purposely withholds information in 'Blindness' to build suspense and intrigue.
      3. We must always ask ourselves why a writer chose to structure their writing in the way they did.
      4. Time conjunctions can help us to write effective structural analysis.

      Keywords

      • Time conjunction - words that connect clauses by indicating time relationships between them

      • Suspense - a state of anxious uncertainty about what may happen

      • Withhold - refrain from giving

      Common misconception

      Students may assume that they need to identify and name specific structural devices in their structural analysis.

      An answer simply referencing 'the beginning, middle and end' can make for a successful structural analysis.

      Teacher tip

      In Learning Cycle 1, you may want to read the text and annotate it as a class.

      Equipment

      You will need access to the opening two paragraphs to José Saramago's 'Blindness' for this lesson.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the key terms with their definition.

      Correct Answer:language,the words and phrases a writer uses for effect

      the words and phrases a writer uses for effect

      Correct Answer:form,the style of a text

      the style of a text

      Correct Answer:structure,how a text is organised

      how a text is organised

      Q2.
      Which of these is not a structural feature?

      repetition
      focus shift
      Correct answer: simile

      Q3.
      Match these structural terms with their definition

      Correct Answer:climax,the most exciting part of a text

      the most exciting part of a text

      Correct Answer:pace,the speed at which a narrative progresses

      the speed at which a narrative progresses

      Correct Answer:contrast,when two things are shown to be different from one another

      when two things are shown to be different from one another

      Q4.
      What is a conjunction?

      a word that replaces a noun
      a word that describes a verb
      Correct answer: a word that connects clauses

      Q5.
      Which of the below would slowly build suspense in a text?

      telling the reader exactly what the threat is as soon as they begin reading
      Correct answer: hinting at a threat but making the reader wait before revealing it
      repeatedly using similes

      Q6.
      Match each word to the part of the text they would help to describe.

      Correct Answer:initially,beginning

      beginning

      Correct Answer:next,middle

      middle

      Correct Answer:finally,end

      end

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What does the first sentence of the opening of 'Blindness' by José Saramago focus on?

      a specific vehicle that doesn't move
      Correct answer: an amber traffic light
      a blind man

      Q2.
      What is the climactic moment in the opening of 'Blindness' by José Saramago?

      Correct answer: It is revealed that a man in a traffic jam is blind.
      It is revealed that a man in a traffic jam is deaf.
      It is revealed that man in a traffic jam is unconscious.

      Q3.
      In 'Blindness' what technique does José Saramago use to create suspense?

      onomatopoeia
      dialogue
      Correct answer: withholding information

      Q4.
      We can track how a writer builds suspense across a text by writing about …

      the opening sentence of a text.
      Correct answer: the begining, middle and end of a text.
      the length of every sentence.

      Q5.
      Which type of conjunction will help us write about the ordering of an extract?

      subordinating
      Correct answer: time
      correlative

      Q6.
      Which conjunction is missing from this sentence about 'Blindness': " , Saramago offers a climax: the man behind the wheel of the stationary car is blind"?

      initially
      next
      Correct answer: finally

      To help you plan your 10 English lesson on: Analysing Saramago's use of structural devices in 'Blindness', download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...