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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can use a range of geographical sources to describe Antarctica and its extreme weather and climate.

      Key learning points

      1. The Antarctic Circle is an imagined circle around the South Pole that surrounds the area known as the Antarctic.
      2. Antarctica is a large region, surrounded by the Southern Ocean, and is the coldest and windiest continent on Earth.
      3. Some of Antarctica’s Ice Cap is more than four kilometres thick.
      4. Antarctica can double in size by the end of the Antarctic winter as the sea ice around the continent increases.

      Keywords

      • Antarctic Circle - An imaginary line around the earth which surrounds the southern polar region known as the Antarctic

      • Ice cap - A large, permanent covering of ice on land

      • Climate - The average weather conditions, e.g. rainfall, hours of sunshine and winds, over at least 30 years

      Common misconception

      Antarctica is a country.

      Antarctica is a continent.

      Teacher tip

      You can make use of a globe to show how conditions change in Antarctica during summer and winter to help with understanding.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Where is the South Pole located?

      Correct answer: Antarctica
      Arctic
      Europe
      Africa

      Q2.
      What is the Earth's axis?

      An imaginary line which surrounds Earth.
      Correct answer: An imaginary straight line through Earth around which Earth rotates.
      A pole which comes out of the surface of Earth.
      A line of latitude.

      Q3.
      What is solar energy?

      Correct answer: Light heat that comes from the sun's rays.
      Energy from the moon.
      Energy from the centre of Earth.
      Energy from burning coal.

      Q4.
      Why does the Antarctic have periods of the year when the sun never sets?

      Because the Antarctic is closer to the sun.
      The Antarctic is located along the Equator.
      Correct answer: The Antarctic is tilted towards the sun for some parts of the year.

      Q5.
      What is a hemisphere?

      A large globe.
      Correct answer: Half of Earth.
      A quarter of Earth.
      A small part of Earth.

      Q6.
      Which ocean surrounds Antarctica?

      Northern Ocean
      Correct answer: Southern Ocean
      Pacific Ocean

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the Antarctic circle?

      Correct answer: An imagined circle around the South Pole that surrounds Antarctica
      An imagined line which goes around the middle of Earth
      An imagined line which surrounds the Arctic

      Q2.
      What is Antartica?

      Correct answer: A continent
      An ocean
      A country

      Q3.
      Where is the coldest windiest place on earth?

      Arctic
      Mount Everest
      Correct answer: Antarctica

      Q4.
      What is an ice cap?

      A floating sheet of ice
      Correct answer: A large, permanent covering of ice on land
      Ice which melts into the sea
      Ice which is found on mountains

      Q5.
      When is Antarctica's summer?

      May to September
      Correct answer: November to March
      Never
      All year round

      Q6.
      Antartica can double in size in the winter

      Correct answer: true
      false

      To help you plan your 2 geography lesson on: The South Pole and the Antarctic, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...