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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe how different map projections show the world.

      Key learning points

      1. The representation of Earth on a globe shows landmasses in the correct shape and relative size.
      2. World maps project the spherical world (three dimensions) on to a flat surface (two dimensions).
      3. Some projections distort shape, others distort latitude and/or longitude.

      Keywords

      • Map projection - the representation of an approximately spherical world as a flat map, necessarily involving distortion

      • Two-dimensional - something that is flat - its dimensions are height (top to bottom) and width (side to side)

      • Three-dimensional - something that is solid - its dimensions are height (top to bottom), width (side to side) and depth (front to back)

      • Topography - the study of the landforms and features of land surfaces

      Common misconception

      Maps are always accurate.

      Maps are never completely accurate.

      Teacher tip

      Bring a globe in and compare country sizes to a two-dimensional map.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What shape is Earth?

      a flat circle
      a square
      Correct answer: a three-dimensional sphere

      Q2.
      What is the Equator?

      Correct answer: The line that divides Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
      The line that separates Earth’s land and water.
      The highest point on Earth.
      The line that marks the boundary between different time zones.

      Q3.
      What is the purpose of latitude and longitude?

      Correct answer: to locate places on Earth
      to measure time
      to predict weather

      Q4.
      Why do we use maps?

      to create art
      Correct answer: to represent geographical information
      to tell stories

      Q5.
      The Tropic of is north of the Equator.

      Correct Answer: Cancer, Cancer

      Q6.
      The Tropic of __________ is south of the Equator.

      Correct answer: Capricorn
      Leo
      Cancer
      Aries

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the main purpose of a map projection?

      to measure distances accurately
      to predict climate change
      Correct answer: to represent Earth on a flat surface

      Q2.
      What is a cartographer?

      Correct answer: someone who makes maps
      someone who measures the land
      someone who reads maps

      Q3.
      In the Mercator projection, line of latitude and longitude are all ...

      Correct answer: straight
      curved
      reversed

      Q4.
      Most of the world maps that we see are drawn so that which continent is central?

      Correct answer: Europe
      North America
      Africa
      Antarctica

      To help you plan your 7 geography lesson on: Different map projections, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...