Choose exam board for KS4 Computer Science (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 English
Choose exam board for KS4 French
Choose exam board for KS4 Geography
Choose exam board for KS4 German
Choose exam board for KS4 History
Choose tier for KS4 Maths
Choose exam board for KS4 Music
Choose exam board for KS4 Physical education (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 Religious education (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 Spanish

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe what food webs are and explain how Antarctic food webs work.

      Key learning points

      1. Food webs display the transfers of energy within one location.
      2. Antarctic food webs contain phytoplankton (producers), krill and squid (consumers) and leopard seals (apex predators).
      3. Changes to food webs arising from overfishing can affect different species.
      4. The Ross Sea Marine Park Area has been established to help protect young fish.

      Keywords

      • Producer - an organism that makes its own food using sunlight

      • Consumer - an organism that eats other organisms for energy

      • Apex predator - an organism at the top of the food chain, with no natural enemies

      Common misconception

      A food web is linear.

      A food web is not linear, it is complex and interconnected.

      Teacher tip

      Get the students to create their own food webs. Give them all the information and ask them to put them in the correct place as a food web.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

      Loading...

      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What makes Antarctica the coldest place on Earth?

      Its high altitude
      Correct answer: Its location at the South Pole and permanent ice cover
      Its lack of rain

      Q2.
      How does ice help keep Earth's temperature stable?

      Correct answer: It reflects sunlight, preventing too much heat from entering Earth
      It absorbs sunlight and warms Earth
      It releases heat into the atmosphere

      Q3.
      What is the difference between snow and ice?

      Snow and ice are the same thing
      Ice is liquid water, and snow is solid
      Snow is water, and ice is steam
      Correct answer: Snow is frozen water vapour, and ice is frozen water

      Q4.
      Which of these is a major threat to cold environments?

      Too many trees growing
      Correct answer: Climate change and melting ice
      Rising sea levels
      More animals migrating there

      Q5.
      Where is the largest ice sheet in the world located?

      Greenland
      Siberia
      Correct answer: Antarctica
      Iceland

      Q6.
      Which of the following animals is found in Antarctica?

      Correct answer: Emperor penguins
      Lions
      Elephants
      Kangaroos

      5 Questions

      Q1.
      Unlike a food chain, which is linear, a food is complex and interconnected.

      Correct Answer: web

      Q2.
      What is a producer?

      Correct answer: An organism that makes its own food using sunlight
      An animal that hunts other animals
      An organism that eats only plants

      Q3.
      What is a consumer in a food web?

      An organism that makes its own food
      A plant that gets energy from the sun
      Correct answer: An organism that eats other organisms
      A decomposer that breaks down dead plants

      Q4.
      Which animal is an apex predator in Antarctica?

      Emperor penguin
      Correct answer: Leopard seal
      Antarctic krill

      Q5.
      What is the role of krill in the Antarctic food web?

      Correct answer: They are primary consumers, feeding on phytoplankton
      They are apex predators
      They are decomposers
      They are producers

      To help you plan your 9 geography lesson on: Antarctic food webs, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...