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      The population of India

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe population growth in India and explain why population distribution is uneven across the country.

      Key learning points

      1. The population of India is over 1.4 billion and has overtaken China as the largest population in the world.
      2. India has a high average population density of 479 people per square kilometre.
      3. The population of India is unevenly distributed because of different physical and human factors.

      Keywords

      • Population - the total number of people living in a particular area

      • Migration - moving from one place to another with the intention of staying there

      • Population density - the number of people living in a defined area, e.g. 300 people per km2

      • Population distribution - how people are spread out across a geographic area

      Common misconception

      Population density is the same everywhere in India.

      Population density varies across India; urban areas are densely populated, but rural areas, such as much of the Himalayas, are sparsely populated.

      Teacher tip

      Use GIS to investigate how population density varies across India.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is population?

      the number of houses in a city
      Correct answer: the total number of people living in an area
      the amount of land in a country

      Q2.
      What is migration?

      Correct answer: the movement of people from one place to another
      the number of people living in a city
      the total number of houses in a country

      Q3.
      What is the capital city of India?

      Mumbai
      Kolkata
      Correct answer: New Delhi
      Bangalore

      Q4.
      What is the most spoken language in India?

      Correct answer: Hindi
      English
      Spanish

      Q5.
      India is the most populous country in the world. How many people live there?

      10 million
      Correct answer: over 1.4 billion
      14 billion

      Q6.
      Which major river is considered sacred in India?

      Correct answer: Ganges
      Thames
      Hudson

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      What is population density?

      Correct answer: the number of people living in a defined area, e.g. 300 people per km squared
      how people are spread out across a geographic area
      the total number of people living in a particular area

      Q2.
      India has a high population density but an uneven population __________ across the country.

      footprint
      division
      Correct answer: distribution

      Q3.
      What is a reason people might migrate?

      Correct answer: to find better job opportunities
      to see new animals
      to stay in the same place
      to make a country smaller

      Q4.
      What is one impact of migration on cities?

      Correct answer: overcrowding and pressure on resources
      fewer people living there
      less economic growth
      the city becomes smaller

      To help you plan your 7 geography lesson on: The population of India, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...