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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain where people live in the UK and how topography influences population distribution.

      Key learning points

      1. The UK has a population of around 67 million people.
      2. The population of the UK is unevely distributed with around 10 million people living in and around London.
      3. The population distribution of the UK is affected by the topography, with fewer people living in mountainous areas.

      Keywords

      • Relief - the height and shape of land surfaces

      • Population density - the number of people living in a defined area, e.g. 300 people per square kilometre

      • Population distribution - describes how the people in that population are spread out across the area

      Common misconception

      Population density is the same across the UK.

      Population density varies widely due to factors like topography and urbanisation.

      Teacher tip

      Get pupils to move around the room to demonstrate migration.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What are the four countries that make up the UK?

      England, Ireland, Wales, Scotland
      Correct answer: England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland
      Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland, Ireland

      Q2.
      What does population density refer to?

      amount of available resources
      number of buildings per square mile
      Correct answer: number of people living per unit of area

      Q3.
      Which factor would most likely lead to a sparse population?

      rich, fertile soil
      Correct answer: harsh climate
      good access to water resources
      availability of jobs and services

      Q4.
      What type of area is likely to have a high population density?

      desert regions
      mountainous areas
      Correct answer: cities with good transport links, jobs, housing, health care
      rural areas with poor transportation

      Q5.
      Why might an area with fertile soil have a high population density?

      Correct answer: fertile soil allows for abundant farming, attracting people
      fertile soil is difficult to build on, so fewer people live there
      fertile soil leads to dry conditions, making it less hospitable
      fertile soil is only found in remote regions

      Q6.
      Which country has the highest population within the UK?

      Correct answer: England
      Scotland
      Wales

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the approximate population of the UK?

      55 million
      65 million
      Correct answer: 68 million
      75 million

      Q2.
      Why is London the most populous city in the UK?

      it is the oldest city in the UK
      Correct answer: it attracts people for jobs, education and lifestyle opportunities
      Correct answer: it is a major global and economic hub
      it is the only city in the UK with an airport

      Q3.
      Relief...

      Correct answer: refers to the height and shape of land surfaces
      Correct answer: helps geographers describe features like mountains and valleys
      Correct answer: can affect where people choose to live in the UK
      is about the cultural activities and festivals in the UK

      Q4.
      Match the two parts of the statements about population density

      Correct Answer:areas with mountains,tend to have low population densities
      Correct Answer:areas with low-lying flat land,can often have higher population densities
      Correct Answer:the Highlands of Scotland,are sparsely populated
      Correct Answer:cities like London,are densely populated

      Q5.
      Why is population density higher in cities like London?

      Correct answer: cities have better access to resources and jobs
      rural areas offer more economic opportunities
      cities are located in harsher climates
      cities have lower living costs than rural areas

      Q6.
      The people of the UK

      are evenly distributed through England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales
      Correct answer: are unevenly distributed with more people living in cities like London
      Correct answer: are unevenly distributed with fewer people living in remote areas
      are evenly distributed across all cities

      To help you plan your 7 geography lesson on: The population of the UK, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...