Primary and secondary effects and responses to tectonic hazards
Lesson details
Learning outcome
I can explain the difference between primary and secondary effects of a tectonic hazard, and between immediate and long-term responses to a tectonic hazard.
Key learning points
- Earthquakes have primary and secondary effects (impacts).
- There are short-term (immediate) and long-term responses to earthquakes.
- Volcanic eruptions have primary and secondary effects (impacts).
- There are short-term (immediate) and long-term responses to volcanic eruptions.
Keywords
Primary effect - impacts that occur instantly and as a direct result of the earthquake or volcanic eruption
Secondary effect - impacts that follow as a consequence of the earthquake or volcanic eruption in the hours, days and weeks that follow
Immediate response - action taken during and immediately after a hazard event that focuses on surviving the hazard and providing short-term relief
Long-term response - action that focuses on rebuilding after the tectonic hazard and reducing risks from future hazards
Common misconception
Primary effects always cause the most damage.
Sometimes it is the secondary effects of a hazard that cause the most destruction, for example mudslides following a volcanic eruption.
Teacher tip
The first two parts of this lesson are suitable for both AQA and Edexcel B specifications, while the third part is AQA-specific.
Content guidance
Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering
Supervision
Adult supervision required
Licence
Lesson video
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Prior knowledge starter quiz
6 Questions
Q1.What is the point inside the Earth where an earthquake starts?
Q2.Which type of plate margin causes earthquakes but not volcanoes?
Q3.What is the Earth's outer layer called?
Q4.What is subduction?
Q5.Which scale measures earthquake magnitude?
Q6.What type of boundary created the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
Assessment exit quiz
4 Questions
Q1.What are primary effects of tectonic hazards?
Q2.Which of the following is an example of a secondary effect of a volcanic eruption?
Q3.Why is a tsunami considered a secondary effect of an earthquake?
Q4.How does preparation help reduce the impact of tectonic hazards?
To help you plan your 10 geography lesson on: Primary and secondary effects and responses to tectonic hazards, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...
To help you plan your 10 geography lesson on: Primary and secondary effects and responses to tectonic hazards, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs.
The starter quiz will activate and check your pupils' prior knowledge, with versions available both with and without answers in PDF format.
We use learning cycles to break down learning into key concepts or ideas linked to the learning outcome. Each learning cycle features explanations with checks for understanding and practice tasks with feedback. All of this is found in our slide decks, ready for you to download and edit. The practice tasks are also available as printable worksheets and some lessons have additional materials with extra material you might need for teaching the lesson.
The assessment exit quiz will test your pupils' understanding of the key learning points.
Our video is a tool for planning, showing how other teachers might teach the lesson, offering helpful tips, modelled explanations and inspiration for your own delivery in the classroom. Plus, you can set it as homework or revision for pupils and keep their learning on track by sharing an online pupil version of this lesson.
Explore more key stage 4 geography lessons from the Natural and tectonic hazards unit, dive into the full secondary geography curriculum, or learn more about lesson planning.