New
New
Year 9

Imperial decline

I can describe the trend of British imperial decline that took place towards the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries.

New
New
Year 9

Imperial decline

I can describe the trend of British imperial decline that took place towards the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. By the early 20th century, Germany and the USA had overtaken Britain as dominant global powers.
  2. The British government created the 'two-power standard' in 1889 to maintain British naval supremacy.
  3. Anxiety around the decline of Britain's empire led to a movement called 'national efficiency'.
  4. By the end of the First World War Britain's power was severely weakened.

Keywords

  • Two-power standard - the 'two-power standard' was the British policy of maintaining a navy which was larger than the next two largest navies combined

  • National efficiency - 'national efficiency' was the argument that British society needed to become more productive to maintain imperial dominance

  • Decline - decline is a gradual and continuous loss of strength

Common misconception

The trend of British imperial decline was caused by foreign policy and external threats.

There is a link between foreign and domestic policy, both of which contributed to imperial decline.

In the first learning cycle, show pupils a picture of HMS Dreadnought and explain her revolutionary design as another example of how Britain engaged with the two-power standard.
Teacher tip

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

Supervision

Adult supervision recommended

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
This keyword is the sense of unease within an empire due to potential threats to its power
Correct Answer: Imperial anxiety, imperial anxiety
Q2.
Support for the political independence of a country is known as...
Correct Answer: nationalism
Q3.
Which of the following events showcased British supremacy?
the development of the INC
Correct answer: the Don Pacifico affair
Correct answer: Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee
Q4.
This event showcased remarkable items and technological innovations in Hyde Park
Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee
the Don Pacfico affair
Correct answer: the Great Exhibition
Q5.
The Irish Republican brotherhood believed in...
supremacy
Correct answer: nationalism
imperialism
Q6.
Which of the following statements about Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee is correct?
it showed British imperial anxiety
Correct answer: it showed British imperial supremacy
it showed the failures of the British empire

6 Questions

Q1.
A gradual and continuous loss of strength is known as...
Correct Answer: decline
Q2.
The argument that British society needed to become more productive to maintain imperial dominance is known as...
Correct Answer: national efficiency
Q3.
Which of the following contributed to imperial decline in the late nineteenth century?
Correct answer: the rapid industrialisation of Germany and America
Correct answer: territorial and naval expansion of Germany and America
Correct answer: poor health and fitness of the British population
WW1
Q4.
In which of the following two places did Germany pursue territorial expansion at the end of the nineteenth century?
Correct answer: South West Africa
Correct answer: East Africa
Latin America
Q5.
Which of the following are economic outcomes of WW1?
Correct answer: Britain was in debt to America
Britain's economy was strengthened
Correct answer: there was an increase in unemployment
Britain's economy was unchanged by WW1
Q6.
What was the impact of the creation of the League of Nations for British imperial power?
it showed that Britain could not rule any more
Correct answer: it showed that Britain could not rule alone
it showed that Britain still had imperial supremacy

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