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      The aims of the post-war Labour government

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can recall that the Labour Party came into government in 1945 with a plan to implement the results of the Beveridge Report.

      Key learning points

      1. At the end of WW2, Britain was in a desperate state, an election was called, leading to a landslide Labour victory.
      2. The Labour leader, Clement Attlee, signalled the government's desire to make post-war Britain a 'New Jerusalem'.
      3. After WW2, many British people wanted aspects of state control to remain.
      4. The Labour government aimed to implement recommendations from the Beveridge Report.
      5. Beveridge argued that the state had a duty to provide protection to people from "cradle to grave".

      Keywords

      • Consensus - a general agreement among opposition parties

      • Manifesto - a written declaration of a party’s policies, produced before an election

      • Nationalisation - taking privately controlled companies and industries and putting them under government control

      • Landslide - in politics, the overwhelming majority of votes for one party in an election

      Common misconception

      Students may aassume William Beveridge was a member of the Labour Party.

      William Beveridge was actually a member of the Liberal Party.

      Teacher tip

      Students will benefit from a brief explanation of the main parties in the UK in the 20th century, their beliefs, and the reasons for the rise of Labour and the decline of the Liberals.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      When was the Second World War?

      1899-1902
      1914-1918
      1945-1991
      Correct answer: 1939-1945

      Q2.
      The name of Britain's war-time leader during the Second World War was Winston...

      Correct Answer: Churchill

      Q3.
      Which of the following were political parties in Britain at the end of the Second World War?

      Correct answer: Conservative Party
      Green Party
      Correct answer: Labour Party
      Correct answer: Liberal Party
      Republican Party

      Q4.
      The letters NHS stand for Health Service.

      Correct Answer: National

      Q5.
      Which of these words would you think could be used to mean 'poverty', not having what you need to have a basic standard of living?

      disease
      idleness
      ignorance
      squalor
      Correct answer: want

      Q6.
      Which class or group of people was the Labour Party originally set up to help?

      Correct answer: working class
      middle class
      upper class

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      How many people were moved from British cities to the countryside at the start of World War Two (WW2)?

      0.5 million
      1 million
      Correct answer: 1.5 million

      Q2.
      The term for a system which protects the health and well-being of its citizens is a state.

      Correct Answer: welfare

      Q3.
      What is the term for a general agreement amongst opposition parties?

      Correct Answer: consensus

      Q4.
      By how many seats did the Labour Party win the 1945 General Election?

      126
      136
      Correct answer: 146
      156

      Q5.
      The Beveridge Report wanted the government to provide care ...

      'from childhood to retirement'
      'from education to employment'
      Correct answer: 'from the cradle to the grave'

      Q6.
      Which of the following were issues mentioned in the Beveridge Report?

      Correct answer: disease
      famine
      Correct answer: ignorance
      pestilence
      Correct answer: squalor

      To help you plan your 9 history lesson on: The aims of the post-war Labour government, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...