New
New
Year 10
AQA

The design of Durham Cathedral

I can explain how and why Durham Cathedral was constructed as it was.

New
New
Year 10
AQA

The design of Durham Cathedral

I can explain how and why Durham Cathedral was constructed as it was.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Durham Cathedral was built in a meander of the River Wear, on high ground, which provided natural protection.
  2. Durham Cathedral housed St Cuthbert's shrine.
  3. Durham Cathedral was built in the powerful Romanesque style.
  4. Durham Cathedral contains architectural innovations such as rib vaulting.
  5. Durham Cathedral was designed to separate the monks from the lay people.

Keywords

  • Shrine - a place for worship that is holy because of a connection with a holy person or object

  • Nave - the long central part of a church, often with aisles on both sides

  • Vaulting - arches that support a ceiling or room

Common misconception

Cathedrals are like museums and ordinary people can access all areas.

In fact, in medieval times ordinary people could not cross the screen which partitions the nave from the quire.

Rib vaulting experiment: Use blocks to build small models of rib vaults. Discuss how this innovation allowed for higher ceilings and more open spaces within the cathedral.
Teacher tip

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of sensitive content
  • Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

Supervision

Adult supervision recommended

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
Complete the sentence: As , William St Calais could impose taxes to fund the raising of an army to help him control the rebellious north and secure the Scottish border.
Correct Answer: prince-bishop
Q2.
Complete the sentence: William I dealt with the rebellious north by enacting the...
Correct Answer: Harrying of the North
Q3.
Who was imprisoned for their involvement in rebellion and replaced by William Walcher?
King Malcolm of Scotland
Robert Cumin
Correct answer: Aethelwine, the Bishop of Durham
Earl Waltheof of Northumbria
Q4.
What did William I build next to the cathedral to provide protection for the Bishop of Durham?
Correct answer: castle
shrine
monastery
nunnery
Q5.
Put the following events in chronological order.
1 - William appointed a new Bishop of Durham, a Frenchman, William Walcher
2 - William ordered the construction of Durham Castle
3 - a dispute with Northumbrian nobles led to the murder of Bishop Walcher
4 - during a rebellion the nobles attempted and failed to capture Durham Castle
5 - William sent Bishop Odo of Bayeaux with an army
6 - Odo harried Northumbria and looted the cathedral
7 - a ‘new castle’ was built near the site of Bishop Walcher’s murder
Q6.
Who ordered the building of Durham Cathedral in 1093?
William I
Correct answer: William of Saint Calais
William II

6 Questions

Q1.
Which word describes a place for worship that is holy because of a connection with a holy person or object?
Correct Answer: shrine
Q2.
Complete the sentence: Durham Cathedral was built in a meander of the , on high ground, which provided natural protection.
Correct Answer: River Wear
Q3.
Why was the style of Durham Cathedral known as Romanesque?
it was built by the Romans originally
Correct answer: its features recalled the power of the Roman Empire
it was built on the site of where the Romans first landed in Britain
its paintings were only of ancient Roman myths
Q4.
Put the features of arcades in order from top to bottom.
1 - the clerestory
2 - the triforium
3 - a row of arches
Q5.
What was the purpose of Durham Cathedral's stone-ribbed vaulting?
enabled a lower ceiling and to be held up over a narrow space
Correct answer: enabled a higher ceiling and to be held up over a wide space
Correct answer: allowed the cathedral's height to appear to be reaching towards Heaven
allowed the cathedral's height to appear to be reaching towards Hell
Q6.
What did strictly following the Benedictine order mean for the monks at Durham Cathedral?
as complete a joining as possible between religious life and secular life
Correct answer: as complete a separation as possible between religious life and secular life

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