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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how the Vikings changed York.

      Key learning points

      1. The Vikings conquered York because it was rich and important.
      2. York lay on an important east-west trading route, and was therefore well placed to expand Scandinavian trade routes.
      3. The settled Vikings helped expand York and make it the centre of Viking culture and trade.

      Keywords

      • Viking - a member of the Scandinavian seafaring people who raided Britain from the late 8th century

      • Scandinavia - collective term for the countries of northern Europe

      • Trade - the exchange of goods

      • Mint - a place where coins are produced

      Common misconception

      York only became an important city under Viking rule.

      York was an important army base under the rule of the Romans, but was also used as a capital city under Anglo-Saxon rule. Its location along important trade routes made it an attractive city to any conqueror.

      Teacher tip

      When describing the city of Jorvik, be sure to emphasise the significance of paved streets and new houses as an impact of the Viking settlers - there's always a risk that students assume certain developments were the norm.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which keyword describes the area of England in the north and east controlled by the Vikings?

      Correct Answer: Danelaw, danelaw

      Q2.
      Which keyword describes how far individuals or groups of immigrants adopt the culture, customs and values of the majority of people living in their new home country?

      Correct Answer: assimilation, Assimilation

      Q3.
      Why were the Vikings looking for a new home by the end of the 700s?

      They had grown bored of Scandinavia
      Correct answer: Their homelands had become incredibly overpopulated
      Their homelands had been ravaged by war
      Correct answer: England offered wealth through fertile land and trade routes

      Q4.
      Complete the sentence: Typically, migrants were considered ‘ ’ in this period, but as the Vikings controlled the Danelaw, these new migrants in northern England experienced England as rulers.

      Correct Answer: aliens, 'aliens', Aliens, 'Aliens'

      Q5.
      Which of the following examples show that the Vikings maintained their autonomy?

      they carried out the St. Brice’s Day massacre
      adopted the religion of the local people, Christianity
      Correct answer: Viking coins continued to show pagan symbols
      they did not live outside the Danelaw

      Q6.
      Put the following events in chronological order.

      1 - The Vikings attacked Lindisfarne
      2 - The Great Heathen Army settled in the north of England
      3 - The Vikings were granted the Danelaw
      4 - Many of the Viking migrants were killed at the St. Brice’s Day massacre
      5 - England became part of King Cnut’s North Sea Empire

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to the correct definitions.

      Correct Answer:Viking,a member of the Scandinavian seafaring people who raided Britain

      a member of the Scandinavian seafaring people who raided Britain

      Correct Answer:mint,a place where coins are produced

      a place where coins are produced

      Correct Answer:trade,the exchange of goods

      the exchange of goods

      Correct Answer:Scandinavia,collective term for the countries of northern Europe

      collective term for the countries of northern Europe

      Q2.
      What was the name the Vikings used for York?

      Correct Answer: Jorvik, jorvik

      Q3.
      Who led the Viking army in the conquest of the city of York?

      King Cnut
      Correct answer: King Halfden
      Correct answer: Ivar the Boneless
      Erik the Red

      Q4.
      Complete the sentence: The settled Vikings helped expand York and make it the of Viking culture and trade.

      Correct Answer: centre, Centre

      Q5.
      Which of the following are examples of the impact Viking settlers had on York?

      Built a cathedral
      Correct answer: Created paved streets
      Correct answer: York street names included the Scandinavian word 'gata'
      York became pagan
      Correct answer: Improved the economy through trade

      Q6.
      Which of the following are examples archeologists have found of international Viking trade in York?

      tin from France
      Correct answer: walrus ivory from the Arctic regions
      gold and silver from Cornwall
      Correct answer: amber from the Baltic regions
      Correct answer: wine from the Rhineland

      To help you plan your 10 history lesson on: Case study: Viking York, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...