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Lesson details

Learning outcome

I can analyse how a composition uses harmony in specific ways to create harmonic variety and a satisfying harmonic journey.

Key learning points

  1. Creating harmonic variety is an effective way to create a satisfying, interesting and balanced composition.
  2. This applies across many genres and styles, but the way it is done varies.
  3. In the Classical style, one effective method is to modulate to a closely-related key.
  4. Using varied chords and cadences also creates harmonic variety.
  5. Changing the harmonic rhythm and using devices such as dominant pedals can also be very effective.

Keywords

  • Harmony - the way that notes combine to create chords and the way that these chords are used

  • Harmonic rhythm - how often the chords change in a chord progression

  • Dominant - chord V, which often resolves to chord I (the tonic)

  • Pedal - when the bass note stays the same, with the chords/harmony changing above

Common misconception

Harmonic contrast only comes from changing key or tonality.

Harmonic contrast can come from many techniques, including simple ones such as choosing different chords, cadences and harmonic rhythm. In many styles, keeping the harmonic language simple, without using complex chords, can be most effective.

Teacher tip

This exemplar is also a useful starting point for exploring: imitation; melodic development; decorating a melody with chromatic notes; idiomatic Classical keyboard writing; minuet and trio norms; 3/4 accompaniment patterns; phrasing and articulation; dynamic contrast; use of rallentando/a tempo.

Files needed for this lesson

Composition exemplar - minuet and trio (audio) 2.68 MB (MP3)

Composition exemplar - minuet and trio (score) 88.9 KB (PDF)

Download these files to use in the lesson.

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
(Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

4 Questions

Q1.
The first note of a major or minor scale is called the ...

subdominant
dominant
Correct answer: tonic
supertonic

Q2.
In C major, match these related keys.

Correct Answer:dominant,G major

G major

Correct Answer:relative minor,A minor

A minor

Correct Answer:subdominant,F major

F major

Correct Answer:parallel minor,C minor

C minor

Q3.
What is the relationship between the major and its relative minor?

They share the same tonic.
Correct answer: They share the same key signature.
They share the same leading note.

Q4.
A cadence which moves from chord V to chord I is called a cadence.

Correct Answer: perfect

To help you plan your 11 music lesson on: Creating harmonic variety, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...