Choose exam board for KS4 Computer Science (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 English
Choose exam board for KS4 French
Choose exam board for KS4 Geography
Choose exam board for KS4 German
Choose exam board for KS4 History
Choose tier for KS4 Maths
Choose exam board for KS4 Music
Choose exam board for KS4 Physical education (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 Religious education (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 Spanish

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can identify the causes of hooliganism and evaluate strategies used to combat it, including their effectiveness.

      Key learning points

      1. Hooliganism can be caused by rivalries, hype, alcohol/drugs, gang culture and frustration with officials.
      2. Strategies to combat hooliganism include early kick-offs, creating all-seater stadiums and segregating fans.
      3. Improved security measures, alcohol restrictions and travel restrictions/banning orders can address hooliganism.
      4. Education, promotional activities, campaigns, and high-profile endorsements can help reduce hooliganism.

      Keywords

      • Spectator - a person who watches a sports event and can influence the atmosphere

      • Hooliganism - disorderly, aggressive and often violent behaviour by spectators at sporting events

      • Segregation - in sport: act of separating groups of rival fans

      • Alcohol restrictions - limiting when and where alcohol can be purchased and consumed

      Common misconception

      Students might mistakenly believe hooliganism is limited to football.

      Hooliganism can happen in other sports and activities but is it most widely known in football.

      Teacher tip

      It is important to highlight that the strategies have varying degrees of effectiveness.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

      Loading...

      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Disorderly, aggressive and often violent behaviour by spectators at sporting events is known as ...

      Correct Answer: hooliganism

      Q2.
      What are the positive influences of having spectators at a sport event?

      away-field advantage
      Correct answer: home-field advantage
      increased security measures
      Correct answer: creates a positive environment

      Q3.
      How can spectators negatively influence how a performer feels?

      increases confidence
      increases motivation
      Correct answer: increases pressure
      Correct answer: increases anxiety

      Q4.
      Put the sports in order of which type of event hooliganism is most likely to happen in through to least likely to happen in.

      1 - male football
      2 - male rugby
      3 - female basketball
      4 - crown green bowls

      Q5.
      Which is not a consideration to keeping spectators safe?

      fire safety
      CCTV
      Correct answer: previous injuries playing football
      alcohol and substance control

      Q6.
      Order the sentences to explain a negative influence of spectators on youth sport.

      1 - When spectators watch youth sport ...
      2 - ... they can add pressure to younger players....
      3 - ... who then feel anxious about playing ...
      4 - ... so they may stop playing ...
      5 - ... and not go back to that sport.

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Identify a reason why hooliganism may take place.

      CCTV
      pressure from sponsors
      Correct answer: media hype
      segregation of fans

      Q2.
      Spectators that have been drinking are more likely to be involved in hooliganism.

      Correct Answer: alcohol

      Q3.
      Which is not a strategy to combat hooliganism?

      Correct answer: increase ticket prices
      all seated stadiums
      promotion of campaigns through role models
      travel restrictions

      Q4.
      Match the positive strategies to the explanation.

      Correct Answer:all seated stadiums,spectators have a ticket and area to prevent them being squashed

      spectators have a ticket and area to prevent them being squashed

      Correct Answer:segregation of fans,different entrances mean that opposing spectators won't clash

      different entrances mean that opposing spectators won't clash

      Correct Answer:improved security,advanced technology like CCTV and better steward training

      advanced technology like CCTV and better steward training

      Correct Answer:alcohol restrictions,some stadiums do not serve alcohol at events

      some stadiums do not serve alcohol at events

      Correct Answer:earlier kick-off,matches can start as early as 12pm

      matches can start as early as 12pm

      Correct Answer:travel restrictions,police can confiscate a passport to prevent travelling

      police can confiscate a passport to prevent travelling

      Q5.
      How can promotional strategies help to combat hooliganism?

      provide facial recognition
      Correct answer: provide education
      Correct answer: provide positive role models
      provide more seats

      Q6.
      Match the strategy to a negative explanation.

      Correct Answer:promotional strategies,can be difficult to measure the impact

      can be difficult to measure the impact

      Correct Answer:banning orders,difficult to police without facial recognition technology

      difficult to police without facial recognition technology

      Correct Answer:earlier kick-off,people still drink earlier when children are around

      people still drink earlier when children are around

      Correct Answer:segregation of fans,it can cost lots of money to police the separate locations

      it can cost lots of money to police the separate locations


      To help you plan your 11 physical education lesson on: Hooliganism, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...