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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how and why Martin Luther rebelled against the religious authorities of his time.

      Key learning points

      1. Martin Luther rebelled against the religious authority of his time.
      2. Martin Luther was an important figure in the Protestant Reformation.
      3. He rebelled against what he understood to be incorrect beliefs and practices in the Roman Catholic Church at his time.
      4. The author and context of a historical source should be considered when assessing its usefulness.

      Keywords

      • Indulgences - ways through which Christians in the Catholic Church may be granted some reduction in the punishment of sins after forgiveness by God

      • Protestant Reformation - a Christian religious movement in the 16th century that aimed to reform the Catholic Church, but caused new denominations to be created

      • Purgatory - the process or place where a person's soul is prepared for heaven after death

      • Theses - statements or ideas put forward for discussion, argument or debate

      • Monk - a member of a religious group of men who often live separate from the rest of society

      Common misconception

      That Martin Luther King was an important figure in the Protestant Reformation.

      Martin Luther King lived in the 20th century, but was named after Martin Luther who lived in the 16th century when the Protestant Reformation happened.

      Teacher tip

      There are myths and misconceptions around indulgences and the Roman Catholic Church which teachers should take care with. These can be further explored and understood from the Catholic perspective via sites such as: https://www.catholic.com/tract/myths-about-indulgences.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What term is the following a definition of? 'A person's way of understanding, experiencing and responding to the world.'

      outlook
      perspective
      religion
      Correct answer: worldview

      Q2.
      What term means a branch of Christianity?

      church
      Correct answer: denomination
      group
      school

      Q3.
      Which Christian Church has the Pope as its head?

      Correct Answer: Roman Catholic , Catholic , Holy Roman Catholic, the Roman Catholic Church, the Catholic Church

      Q4.
      What term means an action which breaks a religious or moral law?

      Correct Answer: sin , sins, sinful , a sin

      Q5.
      Which of the below years does the term 'the 16th century' refer to?

      1400-1499
      Correct answer: 1500-1599
      1600-1699
      1700-1799

      Q6.
      What is a 'primary' historical source?

      a textbook summarizing past events
      a fictional novel inspired by historical events
      Correct answer: something created during the time being studied

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What religious denomination was Martin Luther raised in by his family?

      Protestant
      Correct answer: Roman Catholic
      Lutheran
      Orthodox Christian

      Q2.
      What event happened to Martin Luther that made him decide to become a monk?

      he was nearly struck by a train
      Correct answer: he was nearly struck by lightning
      he was nearly struck by a horse
      he was nearly struck by a tornado

      Q3.
      What term refers to the 'ways through which Christians in the Catholic Church may be granted some reduction in the punishment of sins after forgiveness by God'?

      immersion
      Correct answer: indulgences
      influences
      intercessions

      Q4.
      What important invention occurred in the century before Martin Luther's birth which helped his ideas spread quickly across Europe?

      the horse and cart
      the electric lights
      the wood stove
      Correct answer: the printing press

      Q5.
      Why did Martin Luther write the '95 theses'?

      to leave the Catholic Church
      to start a new Church
      Correct answer: to start a debate within the Catholic Church

      Q6.
      What is the name of the Christian thinker who taught that humans are too sinful to be able to do enough good works to be saved by God?

      Aquinas
      Aristotle
      Correct answer: Augustine
      Averroes

      To help you plan your 9 religious education lesson on: Martin Luther and the Reformation, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...