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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can evaluate the effectiveness and limitations of Ninian Smart’s dimensions in the study of religion.

      Key learning points

      1. Smart's dimensions of religion can be applied to theistic and non-theistic worldviews.
      2. Smart also applied the dimensions to secular worldviews, e.g. nationalism.
      3. There are strengths and weaknesses to his approach.
      4. One main criticism is that the dimensions present a reductionist view of religion.

      Keywords

      • Dimensions - for Smart, these are the different aspects or parts that make up a religion

      • Reductionist - a criticism that something is being shown in too simple a way; ‘reduced’ down

      • Secular - not to do with religion or religious ideas/beliefs

      • Worldview - the way someone understands, interprets and inhabits the world

      Common misconception

      That Smart believed the dimensions were all that was needed to study religion and no other discipline or approach.

      For Smart, these were a starting point, a 'way in' to studying religions and that other disciplines and approaches were still needed for a full understanding.

      Teacher tip

      Humanism has not been covered in this lesson. Students could research Humanism and see if or how it displays the dimensions and to what extent.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      5 Questions

      Q1.
      Traditionally, theology and philosophy asked ...

      how to perform rituals
      Correct answer: whether religious claims are true
      how many religions exist

      Q2.
      Ninian Smart promoted a study of religion.

      Correct Answer: secular, Secular

      Q3.
      A phenomenological approach focuses on ...

      converting people
      proving religion false
      Correct answer: studying religion as experienced

      Q4.
      Understanding experience builds ...

      Correct Answer: empathy, Empathy

      Q5.
      Which is one of Smart’s dimensions?

      Correct answer: ritual
      economic
      political

      5 Questions

      Q1.
      Match each keyword to its meaning:

      Correct Answer:dimensions,different aspects or parts that make up a religion
      Correct Answer:reductionist,a criticism showing something to be too simple
      Correct Answer:secular,not to do with religion or religious ideas/beliefs
      Correct Answer:worldview,the way someone understands and interprets the world

      Q2.
      Why did Ninian Smart create the dimensions?

      to promote one faith
      to replace religion
      Correct answer: to compare religions through shared aspects

      Q3.
      Ninian Smart used as a secular example.

      Correct Answer: nationalism, Nationalism

      Q4.
      One strength of Ninian Smart’s model is that it ...

      Correct answer: provides a structured way to study religion
      promotes one faith
      removes diversity

      Q5.
      One criticism of Ninian Smart's model is that it is ...

      Correct Answer: reductionist, Reductionist

      To help you plan your 10 religious education lesson on: Evaluating the dimensions of religion, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...