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      The problem of evil and suffering

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain the problem of evil and how Christians might respond to and be influenced by evil and suffering.

      Key learning points

      1. There are two types of evil and suffering in the world; moral and natural.
      2. The problem of evil and suffering refers to the questions about God’s nature that the existence of evil raises.
      3. The inconsistent triad represents evil as inconsistent with God as omnipotent and (omni)benevolent.
      4. Many Christians believe that God is still omnipotent and (omni)benevolent even though evil exists.
      5. Many Christians view suffering as either a test, the result of free will or an opportunity to become a better person.

      Keywords

      • Evil - the opposite of good; a cause of suffering and against the will of God

      • (omni)benevolent - the belief that God is “all good” or “all loving”

      • Omnipotent - the belief that God is "all powerful"

      • Suffering - an effect of evil; undergoing pain and hardship

      Common misconception

      Christians ignore the problem of evil and suffering.

      Many Christians recognise the problem of evil and suffering in the world, and in their own lives, and respond to the problem by referring to teachings from the Bible.

      Teacher tip

      You may wish to remind students of Christian beliefs about the nature of God and the sources of authority that support these beliefs.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision required

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      When describing God, the word " " means that God treats all people fairly.

      Correct Answer: just, Just

      Q2.
      The Christian belief about God's is shown in the story where Moses parts the Red Sea.

      Correct Answer: omnipotence, Omnipotence

      Q3.
      The Christian belief about God's explains why God sacrificed his only son for humanity.

      Correct Answer: omnibenevolence, Omnibenevolence

      Q4.
      The Christian parable about how God separates people is called the Parable of ...

      Correct answer: the Sheep and the Goats
      the Good Samaritan
      the Workers in the Vineyard
      the Weeds

      Q5.
      Christians use the __________ to understand God’s qualities and nature.

      Parables
      Gospels
      Correct answer: Bible
      Qur'an
      Torah

      Q6.
      __________ describes God as 'all-powerful'.

      Correct answer: omnipotent
      omnibenevolent
      omnipresent
      omniscient
      just

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the problem of evil and suffering in Christianity?

      a question about why humans are evil
      Correct answer: a question about why God allows evil and suffering to exist
      a problem of free will and creation
      a question about the fairness of humans

      Q2.
      What is moral evil?

      evil caused by the natural world
      evil caused by God to test humans
      Correct answer: evil caused by human actions
      evil caused by natural disasters

      Q3.
      Which story in the Bible is often used by Christians to explain suffering as a test from God?

      the creation story in Genesis
      Correct answer: the story of Job
      the Parable of the Good Samaritan
      the Ten Commandments in Exodus

      Q4.
      Christians believe that suffering caused by disasters such as earthquakes or hurricanes is called evil.

      Correct Answer: natural, Natural

      Q5.
      The philosophical problem of evil is often illustrated with the inconsistent ...

      Correct Answer: triad, Triad

      Q6.
      Christians argue that evil exists because God gave humans the gift of free ...

      Correct Answer: will, will

      To help you plan your 10 religious education lesson on: The problem of evil and suffering, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...