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      Ashura in Britain and worldwide

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain what Ashura is and its importance to Muslim communities today.

      Key learning points

      1. Imam Hussain, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad was martyred at the Battle of Karbala.
      2. Shi'a Muslims commemorate this each year with Ashura.
      3. There is a diversity in practice for how Shi'a Muslims commemorate Ashura today.
      4. Some Sunni Muslims complete a non-obligatory fast on Ashura as the Prophet Muhammad did.

      Keywords

      • Ashura - important festival in Shi’a Islam, to commemorate the martyrdom of Imam Hussain

      • Commemoration - a ceremony or occasion which honours someone's memory

      • Karbala - a city in modern day Iraq where Imam Hussein was martyred

      • Martyr - a person who suffers death rather than give up their religion, belief or other important cause

      Common misconception

      Ashura is an important day only for Shi'a Muslims.

      All Muslims, including Sunni and Shi'a Muslims commemorate this day but for differing reasons.

      Teacher tip

      Students can research the Shi'a pilgrimage of Abra'in one of the largest pilgrimages in the world. This is when Shi'a Muslims take part in a pilgirmage at Karbala, the site where Imam Hussain was Martyred.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      5 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the correct definition of jihad?

      punishment
      charity
      Correct answer: struggle

      Q2.
      Jihad is one of the Ten Obligatory Acts in Islam

      Correct Answer: Shi’a, shi’a

      Q3.
      Which example best illustrates lesser jihad?

      giving to charity
      fasting in Ramadan
      Correct answer: defending Islam through a just war

      Q4.
      Lesser jihad involves physical struggle and has strict to be valid.

      Correct Answer: criteria, Criteria

      Q5.
      Why is the greater jihad often considered more important than lesser jihad?

      it's easier
      it earns more money
      Correct answer: it focusses on changing in the long term

      5 Questions

      Q1.
      Imam Hussain, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad, was at the Battle of Karbala, an event mourned by Shi’a Muslims on Ashura.

      Correct Answer: martyred, Martyred

      Q2.
      How do Sunni Muslims typically observe Ashura?

      by taking part in mourning processions
      by performing Hajj
      Correct answer: by fasting, as the Prophet Muhammad did

      Q3.
      What varies among Shi’a communities during Ashura?

      whether they eat meat
      whether they pray
      Correct answer: how they express grief

      Q4.
      What is one way Shi’a Muslims may commemorate Ashura today?

      Correct answer: through plays and processions
      by decorating their homes
      only by fasting

      Q5.
      Ashura is commemorated by both Sunni and Shi’a Muslims, though for reasons.

      Correct Answer: different, Different

      To help you plan your 10 religious education lesson on: Ashura in Britain and worldwide, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...