Key learning points

1. There are environmental challenges in Jakarta.
2. There are challenges associated with waste disposal in Jakarta.
3. There are challenges associated with air and water pollution in Jakarta.
4. There are challenges associated with traffic congestion in Jakarta.

Keywords

• Pollution - presence of harmful substances in the environment, such as in the air, water or soil, which can damage ecosystems and human health

• Groundwater - water found underground in soil, sand and rock. It is stored in aquifers and can be used as a source of water for drinking or industry

• Congestion - a situation where there are too many vehicles on the roads, causing traffic to move slowly or come to a standstill, leading to longer journey times and increased pollution

Common misconception