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      Sexually transmitted infections

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe examples of common sexually transmitted infections in humans and ways to reduce their spread.

      Key learning points

      1. Some pathogens are spread by direct contact, or transfer of body fluids, during sexual activity.
      2. Gonorrhoea and chlamydia as examples of common sexually transmitted infections caused by bacteria.
      3. Ways to prevent the spread of gonorrhoea and chlamydia, and issues in treating them (including resistance).
      4. HIV as an example of a common sexually transmitted infection caused by a virus, and ways to prevent the spread.
      5. Effects of AIDS on the body, increased risk of other diseases (inc. TB), and management of progression in HIV+ people .

      Keywords

      • Sexually transmitted infection - A communicable disease that is spread through sexual activity.

      • Contraception - A way of preventing pregnancy.

      • Barrier method - A form of contraception that prevents pregnancy by blocking the sperm reaching the egg, and can also stop the spread of sexually transmitted infections.

      Common misconception

      HIV and AIDS are the same thing.

      HIV is the virus and AIDS is a consequence of late-stage HIV infection.

      Teacher tip

      It's a fragile virus and does not survive outside the body for long. HIV cannot be transmitted through sweat, urine or saliva.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of mental health issues

      Depiction or discussion of sexual content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision required

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of the following is a method of contraception?

      Correct answer: condoms
      antibiotics
      antivirals

      Q2.
      Are bacteria prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

      An image in a quiz
      Correct answer: prokaryotic
      eukaryotic

      Q3.
      True or false? Viruses are living organisms.

      true
      Correct answer: false

      Q4.
      Match the disease to the pathogen that causes it.

      Correct Answer:HIV,virus

      virus

      Correct Answer:salmonella,bacteria

      bacteria

      Correct Answer:athlete's foot,fungus

      fungus

      Correct Answer:malaria,protist

      protist

      Q5.
      True or false? You can catch diseases from having unprotected sex.

      Correct answer: true
      false

      Q6.
      What is the role of white blood cells?

      transporting oxygen
      Correct answer: immunity
      transporting carbon dioxide
      blood clotting

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which type of pathogen causes gonorrhoea and chlamydia?

      fungus
      virus
      protist
      Correct answer: bacterium

      Q2.
      Which three of these are a symptom of both chlamydia and gonorrhoea?

      swollen testicles
      Correct answer: yellow/green discharge from the penis or vagina
      Correct answer: burning pain when urinating
      bleeding between periods

      Q3.
      How can we prevent the spread of gonorrhoea and chlamydia?

      eat a healthy diet
      Correct answer: use barrier-type contraception, such as condoms
      Correct answer: abstain from sexually activity
      exercise regularly
      get vaccinated against the bacteria that causes both STIs

      Q4.
      How can we reduce the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance?

      An image in a quiz
      Always take antibiotics when we are ill.
      Correct answer: Only use antibiotics when necessary.
      Take different antibiotics to kill as many bacteria as possible.
      Correct answer: Finish the full course of antibiotics.

      Q5.
      Which bodily fluid does not typically contain HIV?

      blood
      breast milk
      Correct answer: saliva
      vaginal discharge
      semen

      Q6.
      People with AIDS are more susceptible to other diseases because they have a weakened system.

      Correct Answer: immune, immunity

      To help you plan your 10 biology lesson on: Sexually transmitted infections, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...