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Lesson 1 of 12
  • Year 11

Physical and working properties of materials

I can explain the difference between physical and working properties in materials.

Lesson 1 of 12
New
New
  • Year 11

Physical and working properties of materials

I can explain the difference between physical and working properties in materials.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Physical properties are also known as 'characteristics' and describe a material's appearance and structure.
  2. Working properties are also known as 'mechanical proierties' and refers to how a material reacts to external forces.

Keywords

  • Physical property - the characteristics of a material, such as appearance and features

  • Working property - the way in which a material responds to an external force or certain environment; also referred to as mechanical properties

Common misconception

Physical properties and working properties are the same thing.

Physical properties describe inherent features (like density, colour, or conductivity), whereas working properties describe how a material behaves under stress (like flexibility, toughness, or hardness).


To help you plan your year 11 design and technology lesson on: Physical and working properties of materials, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Use real-life objects (e.g. a metal spoon, a rubber band, a plastic ruler) to illustrate the difference between physical and working properties. Ask students to describe their physical properties first, then have them test their working properties by applying forces to see how they respond.
Teacher tip

Equipment

See 'Teacher tip'.

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which of these is NOT a material?

timber
polymer
Correct answer: electricity
metal

Q2.
Materials are chosen based on their physical and working .

Correct Answer: properties, property

Q3.
Match each material to a common use:

Correct Answer:glass,windows

windows

Correct Answer:rubber,car tyres

car tyres

Correct Answer:copper,electrical wiring

electrical wiring

Q4.
Put these materials in order from most flexible to least flexible.

1 - rubber
2 - steel
3 - glass

Q5.
Which of the following materials is BEST suited for making the head of a hammer?

HDPE
Correct answer: steel
aluminium

Q6.
Which of the following properties describes how well a material can return to its original shape after being stretched or compressed?

toughness
Correct answer: elasticity
density
malleability

Assessment exit quiz

Download quiz pdf

6 Questions

Q1.
Which of the following is a working/mechanical property of a material?

colour
Correct answer: hardness
density
transparency

Q2.
The ability of a material to resist breaking when a force is applied is called .

Correct Answer: toughness, tough

Q3.
Which property would be MOST important when choosing a material for a flexible, stretchable item like a bungee cord?

toughness
Correct answer: elasticity
density
hardness

Q4.
Put the following materials in order of increasing hardness (from least to most hard):

1 - pine
2 - acrylic
3 - glass
4 - steel

Q5.
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

physical properties/characteristics relate to how a material looks and feels
working/mechanical properties describe material behaviour when exposed to forces
Correct answer: hardness is a physical property/characteristic
elasticity is a working/mechanical property

Q6.
Match each material with its primary working/mechanical property:

Correct Answer:rubber,elasticity

elasticity

Correct Answer:steel,toughness

toughness

Correct Answer:copper,electrical conductivity

electrical conductivity

Correct Answer:glass,hardness

hardness