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      Fronted adverbials: single words, phrases and clauses

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can choose when to use a fronted adverbial single word, fronted adverbial phrase or fronted adverbial clause.

      Key learning points

      1. A fronted adverbial is a sentence starter followed by a comma that expresses detail about time, place, manner or cause.
      2. A fronted adverbial can be a single word, phrase or clause.
      3. A clause is a group of words that contains a verb.
      4. A phrase is a group of words with no verb.
      5. A variety of fronted adverbials are useful to achieve text flow.

      Keywords

      • Fronted adverbial - a sentence starter followed by a comma

      • Comma - a punctuation mark used after any fronted adverbial

      • Phrase - a group of words with no verb

      • Clause - a group of words that contains a verb

      • Adverbial clause - a type of subordinate clause that starts with a subordinating conjunction

      Common misconception

      Pupils may not understand that the function of some words (e.g. before/after) depends on context.

      Emphasise that sometimes these words are acting as subordinating conjunctions and sometimes they start phrases.

      Teacher tip

      Gather banks of different types of fronted adverbial for children to use and explicitly refer to the different types of fronted adverbial you are using whenever you model writing to the class.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Tick the words that are types of determiner.

      Correct answer: demonstrative
      noun
      Correct answer: article
      Correct answer: possessive pronoun
      Correct answer: quantifier

      Q2.
      Match the type of determiner to the sentence that uses it.

      Correct Answer:article,We had a great time.
      Correct Answer:possessive pronoun,It was our birthday.
      Correct Answer:quantifier,Let's have some cake.
      Correct Answer:demonstrative,I'll have this piece.

      Q3.
      Which type of determiner is used in this sentence? 'We had plenty of time to get there.'

      demonstrative
      Correct answer: quantifier
      article
      possessive pronoun

      Q4.
      Match the word to its meaning and the example.

      Correct Answer:word,a single word (fire)
      Correct Answer:phrase,a group of words with no verb (a bright fire)
      Correct Answer:clause,a group of words with a verb (a bright fire blazed)

      Q5.
      Which part of this sentence makes complete sense on its own? 'Just then, the bear roared.'

      just then
      then the bear
      Correct answer: the bear roared

      Q6.
      Which of the following are phrases?

      Correct answer: just then
      we saw a bright star
      Correct answer: all of a sudden
      Correct answer: a bright star

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What punctuation always follows a fronted adverbial?

      full stop
      exclamation mark
      Correct answer: comma
      apostrophe

      Q2.
      Which of the following can be a fronted adverbial?

      Correct answer: a single word
      a relative clause
      Correct answer: an adverbial clause
      Correct answer: a phrase

      Q3.
      Match the type of fronted adverbial to the example.

      Correct Answer:fronted adverbial single word,Soon,
      Correct Answer:fronted adverbial phrase,After many hours,
      Correct Answer:fronted adverbial clause,Before we could stop him,

      Q4.
      Match the type of fronted adverbial to the sentence that uses it.

      Correct Answer:fronted adverbial single word,Now, add the potatoes.
      Correct Answer:fronted adverbial clause,After the match is over, we can celebrate.
      Correct Answer:fronted adverbial phrase,After that, we can eat.

      Q5.
      Match the type of fronted adverbial to its meaning.

      Correct Answer:fronted adverbial of time,tells us when the action after the comma happened
      Correct Answer:fronted adverbial of manner,tells us how the action after the comma happened
      Correct Answer:fronted adverbial of place,tells us where the action after the comma happened

      Q6.
      Which of these sentences begins with a fronted adverbial phrase of manner?

      Cautiously, we entered the cave.
      Correct answer: Full of fear, we entered the cave.
      After we had stopped shaking, we entered the cave.

      To help you plan your 5 English lesson on: Fronted adverbials: single words, phrases and clauses, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...