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      Writing the conclusion of a non-chronological report about Portia spiders

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can write the conclusion of a non-chronological report about Portia spiders.

      Key learning points

      1. The purpose of a conclusion is to summarise the information from the text.
      2. A summary sentence summarises the key information from the text.
      3. A conclusion begins with a formal fronted adverbial.
      4. No new information about the subject is needed in the conclusion.
      5. A conclusion finishes with the writer suggesting to the reader to find out more.

      Keywords

      • Conclusion - the final part of something and summarises the main points of a text, providing closure to the subject

      • Summarising - the process of capturing key points in a concise way

      • Formal fronted adverbial - a sentence starter followed by a comma that is formal in tone and often found in non-fiction texts

      Common misconception

      Pupils may want to introduce new ideas or information in the conclusion.

      It should not introduce new information that wasn't previously stated in the sections before it. Its purpose is to summarise the key points.

      Teacher tip

      Pupils should re-read the previous sections in pairs and pull out the key ideas. Make notes on mini whiteboards using bullet points.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Starting with the first, order the sections of a non-chronological report in the order you would read them.

      1 - Introduction
      2 - Section one
      3 - Section two
      4 - Conclusion

      Q2.
      Which heading is used for the final section of a non-chronological report?

      Correct Answer: Conclusion, conclusion

      Q3.
      Which of these are formal fronted adverbials?

      Correct answer: In addition,
      Quietly,
      Correct answer: However,
      Amazingly,

      Q4.
      Which sentence is punctuated correctly?

      The Portia spider's fangs fur and eyes help it hunt successfully.
      The Portia spider's fangs, fur, and eyes help it hunt successfully.
      Correct answer: The Portia spider's fangs, fur and eyes help it hunt successfully.
      The Portia spider's fangs, fur, and, eyes help it hunt successfully.

      Q5.
      Which two of these are conjunctions?

      Correct answer: and
      dangerous
      Correct answer: because
      creature

      Q6.
      Where does a fronted adverbial come in a sentence?

      in the middle
      Correct answer: at the start
      at the end

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the purpose of the conclusion in a non-chronological report?

      to hook the reader in
      Correct answer: to summarise key information from the text
      Correct answer: to tell the reader where to find out more information about the subject
      to tell the reader what the report will be about

      Q2.
      Which fronted adverbial completes this sentence for a conclusion? __________, the Portia spider is a fascinating creature that has adapted to survive in its environment.

      The end
      Every day,
      Correct answer: In conclusion,

      Q3.
      Which of these sentences would be found in the conclusion?

      The Portia spider dangles from a thread and attacks its prey.
      The Portia spider uses its fur to camouflage in its surroundings.
      Correct answer: The Portia spider has fascinated scientists for years.

      Q4.
      Which two formal fronted adverbials would be used in a conclusion?

      Correct answer: To conclude,
      However,
      Correct answer: To summarise,
      In addition,

      Q5.
      Which two sentences are true of a conclusion?

      Correct answer: No new information about the subject is given in a conclusion.
      Correct answer: It contains a summary sentence.
      It has a diagram.
      It repeats a specific fact from one of the sections in the report.

      Q6.
      Which of these sentences is an example of a summary sentence?

      The Portia spider is an arachnid.
      In addition, the Portia spider can see in 3D.
      Correct answer: The Portia spider is a unique creature that has fascinated scientists for years.
      Amazingly, the Portia spider can jump up to 50 times its own size.

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