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      Planning a fairy tale about a social issue

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can use the conventions of fairytales to plan a story about a social issue.

      Key learning points

      1. Fairy tales have specific conventions including noble heroes/heroines, magical transformations and happy endings.
      2. Charles Kingsley was a Victorian clergyman who took a stand against the use of children as chimney sweeps.
      3. Kingsley’s novel ‘The Water Babies’ adapted the fairy tale genre to protest the use of children as chimney sweeps.
      4. His novel was influential in raising awareness of the cruelty of child labour.
      5. Freytag’s narrative structure can be adapted by any writer.

      Keywords

      • Adapt - to change, or to alter something, to suit different conditions.

      • Clergyman - a man ordained into the church of England.

      • Noble - socially superior but also honest, brave, and kind.

      • Transform - change completely the appearance or character of something.

      Common misconception

      Fairy tales are written solely for children.

      Fairy tales are primarily stories about transformation and therefore this form appeals to many writers, especially those who are interested in social issues.

      Teacher tip

      You could make a link to a text like 'Animal Farm' which is also subtitled 'A Fairy Story' and 'A Christmas Carol' which also has fairy tale qualities.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What do we call a story that often begins with the words: "Once upon a time"?

      allegory
      Correct answer: fairy tale
      anecdote

      Q2.
      In the Victorian period, what were chimney sweeps?

      long brushes designed for cleaning chimneys
      Correct answer: small children employed to climb flues and clean chimneys
      people who organised the cleaning of chimneys

      Q3.
      Which of the following best characterises the Industrial Revolution?

      political upheaval and social unrest up to and including civil war
      an artistic and cultural movement that breaks with the past
      Correct answer: significant advances in technology, manufacturing and transportation
      a religious movement that significantly changed personal behaviour

      Q4.
      When we talk about the conventions of literature, what do we mean?

      Correct answer: the established expectations of genre of and style
      the personal preferences of individual readers
      the historical events that influence a particular work
      the geographical location where events are set

      Q5.
      Which of the following is the best definition of the phrase "rags to riches"?

      a struggle for survival in a hostile environment
      a tale of adventure and exploration
      Correct answer: a journey from poverty to wealth and success
      a story of unrequited love and heartbreak

      Q6.
      What word, beginning with G, refers to a type of literature?

      Correct Answer: genre

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the words on the left with their synonyms on the right.

      Correct Answer:adapt,rework

      rework

      Correct Answer:noble,virtuous

      virtuous

      Correct Answer:transform,change

      change

      Q2.
      Freytag's narrative structure is which shape?

      circle
      square
      Correct answer: pyramid
      spiral

      Q3.
      Starting with the first, put the sections of Freytag's narrative in chronological order.

      1 - exposition
      2 - rising action
      3 - climax
      4 - falling action
      5 - resolution

      Q4.
      Match the sections of Freytag's pyramid with the correct definition.

      Correct Answer:exposition,introduces the characters and settings

      introduces the characters and settings

      Correct Answer:rising action ,events and complications begin

      events and complications begin

      Correct Answer:climax,the turning point where conflict reaches its peak

      the turning point where conflict reaches its peak

      Correct Answer:falling action ,tension begins to decrease

      tension begins to decrease

      Correct Answer:resolution ,the conflict is finally resolved

      the conflict is finally resolved

      Q5.
      What was Charles Kingsley's profession?

      Correct answer: a clergyman
      a chimney sweep
      a novelist

      Q6.
      What of the following best explains the popularity of stories about transformation?

      They provide an escape from reality and allow readers to imagine other lives.
      They reinforce traditional values and guidance on how to live a good life.
      They depict dramatic conflicts and suspenseful plots that engage readers.
      Correct answer: They champion the possibilities of personal growth and change.

      To help you plan your 8 English lesson on: Planning a fairy tale about a social issue, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...