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      Analysing the concepts of strength and resistance in Dharker's 'A Century Later'

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how Dharker uses natural imagery, personification, caesuras and enjambment to express the concepts of strength and resistance in ‘A Century Later’.

      Key learning points

      1. Dharker’s use of natural imagery may connect to the growth of the girls’ resistance and fight against their oppressors.
      2. The image of the poppy may acknowledge that sacrifices will be made but that there is hope for the girls’ protest.
      3. The “bullet” may symbolise their failure to not only kill her but also their failure to silence the movement.
      4. Potentially, the enjambment in the poem links to the continuation of the girls’ fight.

      Keywords

      • Natural imagery - the use of images of animals, landscapes and nature in a poem

      • Symbolise - where an image, object, idea or symbol is used to represent something other than its literal meaning

      • Bloom - to produce flowers; to grow or develop successfully

      • Personification - attribution of human characteristics to non-human things

      • Conceptual - considering ideas and delving into philosophical issues

      Common misconception

      That natural imagery always links to the relationship between humanity and the environment.

      Natural imagery can also be used to show that a concept or idea is natural or that it is flourishing.

      Teacher tip

      You could remind them of the contextual links to Malala Yousafzai and how her story feeds into ideas of continuing to fight and resist.

      Equipment

      You will need access to a copy of the AQA World and Lives anthology for this lesson.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of the following is an example of personification?

      'The bullet had a dull metallic gleam.'
      Correct answer: 'The bullet swerved to intercept her.'
      'The bullet exploded into tiny fragments.'

      Q2.
      Which of the following contains natural imagery?

      "As they approached the City, the noise and traffic gradually increased."
      "... a man in a velveteen coat, drab shorts, half boots and stockings."
      Correct answer: "The flowers that sleep by night, opened their gentle eyes."

      Q3.
      What is an "orchard"?

      Correct answer: a piece of enclosed land planted with fruit trees
      a large public garden or area of land used for recreation
      a large natural elevation of the earth's surface

      Q4.
      A pause or a break in a line of verse, often marked by punctuation is called a...

      Correct Answer: caesura

      Q5.
      Which of the following is a contextual event for Dharker's 'A Century Later'?

      Correct answer: the shooting of Malala Yousafzai
      the Industrial Revolution
      the arrest of Emmeline Pankhurst

      Q6.
      What might enjambment symbolise in a poem?

      the ending of something
      Correct answer: the continuation of something
      the static nature of something

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What does "bloom" mean?

      to become limp through lack of water
      Correct answer: to grow or develop successfully
      to take pollen from one plant or part of a plant to another

      Q2.
      Where an image, object, idea or symbol is used to represent something other than its literal meaning then it is said to __________ it.

      Correct answer: symbolise
      signify
      present
      create

      Q3.
      Which of the following natural images from Dharker's 'A Century L' generally symbolises death?

      "orchard"
      Correct answer: "poppies"
      "bloom"

      Q4.
      Match the natural image with the symbolism.

      Correct Answer:apple,knowledge

      knowledge

      Correct Answer:bee,collaboration

      collaboration

      Correct Answer:poppy,hope

      hope

      Q5.
      Considering ideas and delving into philosophical issues is being...

      literal
      Correct answer: conceptual
      practical
      logical

      Q6.
      In Dharker's 'A Century Later', which of the following could be reasons for not naming the attackers?

      Dharker likely doesn't know their names
      Correct answer: Dharker likely wants the focus to be on the girls
      Dharker may want to represent how the girls are consumed with rage
      Correct answer: Dharker may want to represent the lack of humanity in the attackers

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